請觀音經疏闡義鈔 1.7

1.7

As for 'disciple' (dizi): the pupil leaves his father to follow the teacher and reveres the teacher like a father; out of humility, the teacher treats the pupil as a younger brother (di). From this we know that the designation 'disciple' harbors reverence and humility. Thus, when the teacher calls the pupil 'disciple', it lies in humility; when the pupil also calls himself 'disciple', it lies in reverence. Although there are differing views, here we follow the Commentary on the Vimalakīrti Sūtra. As for 'Dharma Master Ding': his taboo personal name was Guanding, and his courtesy name was Fayun; he was a person of Zhang'an in Linhai. The reason he is called 'Dharma Master Ding' is that this commentary originally lacked the title of the recorder, and later people supplied it. Thus not writing his taboo personal name conforms to propriety. For instance, texts like the Rites of the Lotus Practice and the Gradual Sequence of the Dharmadhātu were personally composed by the Great Master, so he wrote his own taboo name in all of them. As for the various works where disciples recorded his words, they all say merely 'expounded by Great Master Zhizhe.' Furthermore, in works like the Commentary on the Nirvāṇa Sūtra, since it was revised and finalized by Jingxi, it is likewise written as 'composed by Dharma Master Ding.' This serves as a standard model, which future writers should take as a rule. The Rites state that 'one does not partially taboo a two-character name,' meaning that in a two-character name one does not avoid each character individually; hence here he is called 'Ding' and not 'Guan.' Moreover, just as the Great Master's taboo personal name was Zhiyi, he is now called 'Zhizhe,' avoiding only one character. To partially avoid a taboo name was not ancient practice, but a restriction of later generations. That being so, there are no taboos in the Odes and the Documents, nor does one observe taboos when approaching a text; when lecturers state the full name, there is no fault. The Lotus Sūtra speaks of five kinds of Dharma masters: first, upholding; second, reading; third, reciting; fourth, explaining; and fifth, copying. Here, Zhang'an is a person who explains, so people address him as Dharma Master. 'Recorded' means recording the master's words.