請觀音經疏闡義鈔 3.40

3.40

Regarding "lion's roar": the Nirvāṇa Sūtra says, "The lion's roar is definitive exposition; it expounds that all sentient beings possess Buddha-nature." Because the desire to know wisdom lies in exposition, it is precisely the virtue of prajñā. Regarding "by means of these three virtues" and so forth: seal corresponds to the Dharmakāya, definitive corresponds to prajñā, and auspicious corresponds to liberation. Dhāraṇī is warding off and maintaining: warding off the evils of the three obstacles so they do not arise, and maintaining the goods of the three virtues so they are not lost; therefore, the three virtues are the substance of warding off and maintaining. From "further, definitive" down, it explains according to eradicating and bestowing. As for not explaining the seal of dhāraṇī: because the seal is the substance of the middle way, definitive and auspicious are simply the function of bestowing and eradicating of the middle way. Regarding "the meaning of extinguishing and eradicating suffering": when the lion roars, the hundred beasts all drop dead; just as when wisdom illuminates, all sufferings are extinguished. From "therefore the great" down, it clarifies that the meaning of dhāraṇī applies generally to the exoteric and the esoteric. Removing obstacles without fail is named divine dhāraṇī; the illumination of wisdom without delusion is named illuminating dhāraṇī; uniquely supreme and peerless is named unexcelled dhāraṇī. The Pañcaviṃśati uses these names of dhāraṇī to praise both the exoteric and the esoteric generally. Regarding "a dhāraṇī is simply a vow": this explains the meaning of dhāraṇī in the Pañcaviṃśati. Regarding "vowing that sentient beings become established": "established" (li) should be "Buddha" (fo), an error in the character. From "for example" down: the Classic of Poetry says, "The solitary wasp carries away the young of the mulberry caterpillar. Teach and instruct your sons, and make them good like you." The Commentary says, "Shi means use. Gu means good." Now, one who teaches and instructs the myriad people using the good path is also like the solitary wasp; hence here the solitary wasp is used as a metaphor for the Buddha. The mulberry caterpillar is a metaphor for sentient beings. The mulberry caterpillar is an insect on the mulberry tree. The solitary wasp is the slender-waisted wasp, popularly called the ye'weng. Regarding "all sūtras are dhāraṇīs": since dhāraṇī is glossed as vow, not only are secret words named dhāraṇīs, but the exoteric expositions of all Mahāyāna sūtras are also named dhāraṇīs, because none are not the Buddha's vow that sentient beings become like the Buddha. Furthermore, provisional and Hīnayāna expositions can also be named dhāraṇīs; thus the Lotus Sūtra says, "Though I expound various paths, in truth they are for the Buddha vehicle." Thus, biased and perfect, exoteric and esoteric, are all dhāraṇīs. "Warding off" is the meaning of subduing; "destroying" is the meaning of eliminating. Therefore it speaks of extinguishing emptiness and extinguishing existence. Regarding "is precisely eliminating": above it says subduing emptiness and subduing existence, and below it should say is precisely subduing; that it is absent is a textual omission. Regarding "the intentions of removing and subduing, smoothing and subduing, and so on": "and so on" takes the two of clearing away and eliminating. It should say that extinguishing it also has clearing away and extinguishing. Matching these with severing and non-severing has already been detailed in the Profound Meaning, hence the commentary notes "and so on." Regarding "it is also spell-binding and vow-binding": it means that the three virtues imprison the three obstacles just as worldly spells bind snakes. Vow means restriction: restricting the three obstacles so they do not arise; therefore it is also a spellcraft. Regarding "the method of art": it explains that the spellcraft above is simply the method of destroying the three obstacles. From "all with" down: it means that the four meanings above—vow, prohibition, vow-binding, and craft—all correspond to a single person's severing of obstacles. Regarding "esoterically able to eliminate and subdue": dhāraṇīs are secret words, and according to the preceding four meanings, each possesses eliminating and subduing.