請觀音經疏闡義鈔 4.2

4.2

○ The *Nirvāṇa [Sūtra]* says: 'Not abiding in the characteristics of dharmas or the characteristics of sentient beings is called unconditional compassion.' Not abiding in the two extremes is precisely the meaning of not consuming. Regarding 'conditioned by sentient beings and conditioned by dharmas': the *Nirvāṇa [Sūtra]* says, 'That which compassion takes as its object is all sentient beings; taking parents, wife, children, and relatives as the condition is called compassion conditioned by sentient beings. Not seeing parents and so forth, but seeing that all dharmas arise from conditions, is called compassion conditioned by dharmas.' Thus, although compassion conditioned by sentient beings does not consume emptiness, it consumes existence; although compassion conditioned by dharmas does not consume existence, it consumes emptiness. Therefore it says, 'They all have demarcations.' Regarding 'unconditional compassion has no demarcation': it is because it does not attach to the two extremes. Ashes can remove dirt; ashes are like the five contemplations, and dirt is like greed and so forth. When greed and so forth are eliminated, it is called bathing and becoming pure. The *Shuowen* says: '*Zao* means washing hands; *yu* means bathing the body.' Regarding 'the five pungent and acrid [plants]': Tripiṭaka Master Cimin said: 'Scallions, garlic, leeks, allium chinense, and asafoetida are the five.' Regarding asafoetida (*hingu*): Master Ying said: 'The Sanskrit pronunciation is corrupt; it should be *hingu*.' Cimin said: 'Its root is shaped like a turnip; when taken out of the soil it is pungent and foul-smelling. When Cimin arrived in that land in winter, he did not see its sprouts.' These five items are both pungent and fetid; thus the sūtra says 'the five pungent [plants] are foul-smelling.' There are things that are pungent but not fetid, such as ginger, mustard, and their like, which are not prohibited. The *Cang Jie Pian* states: '*Hun* means pungent vegetables. All things that are pungent and foul-smelling are called *hun*.' The *Jueding jing* states: 'If someone eats alcohol, meat, or the five pungent plants and enters a saṅghārāma, they will fall into the womb of a pig, and upon later obtaining a human body, they will constantly suffer from armpit odor.' Therefore, those who recite the dhāraṇī today must not eat them. Now, interpreting in terms of principle: the pungent flavor afflicting the tongue is like the suffering of the five aggregates. The fetid odor lingering overnight is like the afflictions and karmas arising within the five aggregates that can extend into the future; therefore it says 'having the truth of origin.' Regarding 'defilement' and so forth: this indicates that the above symbolism refers to the aggregate defiled by view and desire. The nine kinds of five aggregates are as recorded previously.