四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔 1.366

1.366

一能受有五：一是人道。以人中受得，餘道成難故。《僧祇》云：若減七十，不能作事，不得受之；若過七十，出家時過，一向不合。廣如〈沙彌法〉中。二諸根具足。謂身具眾惡，病患聾盲百遮等類，律中廣列一百四十餘種，並不應法。準以求之，則聾瘂狂亂，定不發戒。餘者通濫，有得不得，如《義鈔》中。三身器清淨。謂俗人已來，至于將受，無十三難等雜過。四出家相具。律云：應剃髮披袈裟，與出家人同等。五得少分法。謂曾受十戒也。律云：不與沙彌戒，與受具者，得戒，得罪。

First, the capable recipient has five [requirements]: 1. Being of the human realm. This is because receiving [precepts] is attained in the human realm, while other realms constitute an impediment. The Mahāsāṃghika-vinaya states: 'If one is under seventy and cannot perform duties, one must not receive them; if one is over seventy, the time for going forth has passed, and it is entirely inappropriate.' It is extensive as in the 'Chapter on Śrāmaṇera Rules.' 2. The sense faculties being complete. That is to say, having all evils in the body, such as illnesses, deafness, blindness, the hundred disqualifications, and the like; the Vinaya lists over 140 kinds in full, all of which are not in accordance with the Dharma. Evaluating by this, the deaf, mute, and deranged certainly do not generate the precepts. Other conditions are ambiguous and permit some cases while denying others, as explained in the Compendium of Meanings. 3. Purity of the bodily vessel. That is to say, from one's time as a layperson up until about to receive [the precepts], being free of the thirteen grave impediments and other mixed offenses. 4. Complete outward marks of having gone forth. The Vinaya states: 'One should shave the head and wear the kāṣāya, being equal with those who have gone forth.' 5. Having attained a partial Dharma. This means having previously received the ten precepts. The Vinaya states: 'If one does not confer the śrāmaṇera precepts and confers the upasampadā, the recipient attains the precepts, but [the preceptor] incurs an offense.'