四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔 1.435

1.435

一白事離過者。律云：凡作事者，應具修威儀，合掌白師取進不？若欲外行者，師以八事量宜：謂同伴、去處、營事也；三種交絡，是非作句。唯同伴是好人，去處無過，營事非惡，方令去也。《五分》：欲行前，要先二三日中，白師令知；唯除大小便、用楊枝不白。《十誦》中：一切所作皆須白師，唯除禮佛法僧，餘同《五分》。若弟子辭師行云，當至某城邑、某聚落、某甲舍。非時白中亦爾。當量行伴，知於布薩羯磨法事會座，如是者得去。不受語輒往，明相出時結罪。《僧祇》：不白師，得取與半條線、半食；若為紉一條線，不白得罪。有剃髮師來，和尚不在，當白長老比丘；師後來時還說前緣。餘事準此。若弟子大施者，師量弟子持戒、誦習、行道者，應語言：此三衣、鉢、具、漉囊等，出家人應須，不得捨之。若有餘者，告云：此施非堅法，汝依是得資身行道，不必須捨。若言我自有得處者，聽。若欲遠行，不得臨行乃白，應一月半月前預白，令師籌量。若不能一一白師，當通白。欲作染衣事亦得。《善見》：弟子隨師行，不得去師七尺，不應蹋師影。離是應白知。《四分》多種：或出界，或與他物，或受他物，及佐助眾事，並須白師。

1. Announcing matters to avoid faults: The Vinaya states: 'Whenever performing any matter, one should fully cultivate deportment, join the palms, and announce it to the master, seeking his approval or not.' If one wishes to go outside, the master weighs its suitability by eight matters: namely companions, destination, and the business to be managed; these three intertwine to form propositions of proper and improper. Only when the companions are good people, the destination is free of fault, and the business to be managed is not evil, does he then allow him to go. The Pañcavargika-vinaya states: 'Before wishing to go, one must first announce it to the master two or three days in advance to inform him; only defecating, urinating, and using a tooth-stick are exempt from announcing.' In the Daśādhyāya-vinaya: 'Everything that is done must be announced to the master, with the sole exception of paying homage to the Buddha, Dharma, and Saṃgha; the rest is the same as the Pañcavargika-vinaya.' If a disciple bids farewell to his master to travel, saying he will go to a certain town, a certain village, or the house of so-and-so. Announcing [entry] at improper times is also like this. One must assess the travel companions, knowing whether there will be assemblies for poṣadha and karman Dharma affairs; if it is like this, he may go. If he goes rashly without receiving permission, an offense is incurred at dawn. The Mahāsāṃghika-vinaya states: 'Without announcing to the master, one may give or take half a strand of thread or half a portion of food; if one threads a single whole strand of thread, not announcing incurs an offense. If a barber arrives and the upādhyāya is absent, one should announce it to a senior elder bhikṣu; when the master returns later, one reports the previous circumstances to him. Other matters follow this rule. If a disciple is a great donor, the master weighs whether the disciple upholds the precepts, recites, and practices the Way, and should tell him: