四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔 2.361

2.361

次釋二犯。言初犯者，出家五眾，內具三毒，我倒在懷，鼓動身口，違理造境，名之為作。作而有違，污本所受，名之曰犯。犯由作成，故曰作犯。此對作惡法為宗。惡既作矣，必不修善，是故第二即明止犯。言止犯者，良以癡心怠慢，行違本受，於諸勝業厭不修學，故名為止。止而有違，反彼受領，故名為犯。此對不修善法為宗。

Next, explaining the two transgressions. What is called the first transgression: the five assemblies of renunciants, inwardly endowed with the three poisons, harboring inverted views of self, stir body and speech, acting against principle and engaging objects—this is called "action." Acting with violation, defiling what was originally received, is called "transgression." Because transgression is accomplished through action, it is called "transgression by action." This takes engaging in evil dharmas as its principle. Once evil is done, one certainly does not cultivate good; therefore, the second immediately clarifies "transgression by abstention." What is called "transgression by abstention": truly because of a foolish mind and negligence, one's practice goes against what was originally received, and in aversion one does not cultivate or learn superior endeavors; hence it is called "abstention." Abstaining with violation, contradicting what was received and accepted, is therefore called "transgression." This takes failing to cultivate wholesome dharmas as its principle.