四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔 2.406

2.406

九單心三時，辨犯輕重。如《善生經》，且約殺戒，輕重八句，位分四別。初一句，三時俱重：謂方便舉尤害心，根本起尤快心，成已起隨喜心。第二三句，二重一輕：初方便、根本重，成已輕；中云方便輕，根本、成已重；後云方便、成已重，根本輕。第三三句，一重二輕：初根本重，初、後輕；中云方便重，中、後輕；三云成已重，初、中輕。第四一句，三時俱輕：如《僧祇》，摩訶羅不知戒相，教他殺人，以憐慜故。《善生》、《十誦》中，啼哭殺父母，畏苦痛故，害父母命等是。律據人想，八業皆重；業隨心故，牽報不同。故《成論》云：深厚纏殺蟻，重慈心殺人。

Ninth, discerning the lightness and gravity of transgression by the mind alone across the three periods. As in the *Upāsakaśīla-sūtra*, taking the precept against killing as an example, there are eight propositions of light and grave, divided into four distinct categories. The first single proposition: all three periods are grave: namely, generating an especially harmful mind in the preparatory stage, generating an especially joyful mind in the fundamental act, and generating a rejoicing mind after completion. The second set of three propositions: two grave and one light: first, preparatory and fundamental are grave, while completion is light; middle, preparatory is light, while fundamental and completion are grave; last, preparatory and completion are grave, while fundamental is light. The third set of three propositions: one grave and two light: first, fundamental is grave, while initial and final are light; middle, preparatory is grave, while middle and final are light; third, completion is grave, while initial and middle are light. The fourth single proposition: all three periods are light: as in the *Mahāsāṃghika-vinaya*, an elder monk (mahallaka) who did not know the precept characteristics instructed another to kill a person out of pity; and in the *Upāsakaśīla-sūtra* and *Daśādhyāya-vinaya*, weeping while killing one's parents because of fearing their pain and suffering, destroying their lives, and so forth. In the Vinaya, based on the perception of a human, all eight karmas are grave; because karma follows the mind, the retributions brought about differ. Hence the *Satyasiddhiśāstra* says: 'Killing an ant with profound fetters is graver than killing a person with a compassionate mind.'