四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔 3.347

3.347

《五分》：佛制半月一剃髮，除無人、難緣。論家四種次第：一上座，二髮長，三先洗頭，四有緣欲行，並前為剃。《毘尼母》：剃髮者，但除頭上毛及鬚，餘毛一切不合却。所以剃者，為除憍慢自恃心故。《四分》：比丘不得為白衣剃髮，除欲出家者。若頭極長，若兩月，若廣兩指，一剃。爪極長，如一麥，剪之。不得用剪刀剪髮。聽畜盛髮器。《十誦》：髮當薶坑中。《涅槃》：頭鬚爪髮，悉皆長利，破戒之相。《增一》：佛告比丘，沙門出家，有五毀辱法：一頭髮長，二爪長，三衣裳垢圿，四不知時宜，五多有所論。因即又生五過：人不信言、不受其教、人不喜見、四妄言、五鬪亂彼此。當如是學。

The Pañcavargika Vinaya says: The Buddha instituted that hair should be shaved every half-month, except when there is no one [to shave it] or in times of hardship. Commentators list four kinds of priority: first, senior elders; second, those with long hair; third, those who have washed their heads first; and fourth, those who have business and wish to travel; all these are shaved beforehand. The Vinayamātṛkā says: In shaving hair, one only removes the hair on the head and the beard; none of the other bodily hair may be removed. The reason for shaving is to eliminate conceit and self-reliance of mind. The Dharmaguptaka Vinaya says: A bhikṣu must not shave the hair of a layperson, except for one who wishes to leave household life. If the hair on the head is extremely long—either [untouched for] two months or two finger-widths long—it must be shaved once. When fingernails are extremely long, like [the length of] a grain of barley, they should be trimmed. One must not use scissors to cut hair. One is permitted to keep a receptacle for hair. The Daśādhyāya-vinaya says: Hair should be buried in a pit. The Nirvāṇa Sūtra says: Beard, fingernails, and hair all long and sharp are signs of breaking the precepts. The Ekottarika-āgama says: The Buddha addressed the bhikṣus: When a śramaṇa leaves household life, there are five humiliating things: first, long head hair; second, long fingernails; third, soiled clothing; fourth, not knowing what is timely and appropriate; and fifth, discoursing on many matters. Consequently, five faults also arise: people do not trust his words, do not accept his instructions, do not like to see him; fourth, false speech; and fifth, causing strife and confusion among one another. One should train in this manner.