四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔 1.142

1.142

Among these, where the signs are obscure and hard to know, we analyze them according to the first category. First, regarding the person for whom the karman is performed: because this person is the applicant for the legal act and is evaluated by the saṃgha, he is not included within the saṃgha quorum. If he is counted among the four, and if he were included in the count, the saṃgha would not be full to four. When reciting the karman, the person named is not used as a saṃgha member. If so, when four persons receive a day [leave], and the four are not enumerated as a saṃgha, should it also be accomplished? Answer: One person is the beneficiary, and the three do not constitute a saṃgha, so they cannot execute the procedure. The reason the text does not enumerate them is that the matter is the same as with five persons: they are all beneficiaries. Therefore, regarding a saṃgha of four persons, it directly designates those who can execute the procedure. This is unlike upoṣadha recitation or demarcating the boundary, where there is no beneficiary; when the procedure is formally enacted, it is enacted for the saṃgha.