四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔 1.475

1.475

Fourth, explaining the miscellaneous procedures for abbreviated recitation. The Dharmaguptaka states: If there are the eight perils: king, thieves, water, fire, a sick person, non-humans, venomous creatures, or human peril. The Vinayavibhāṣā says: A person intends to seize and bind the bhikṣus. As for other conditions: if the great assembly gathers and couches and seats are few; or if many in the assembly are ill; or if the covering over the seats is incomplete, or it rains; or if much of the upoṣadha night has already passed (meaning that those repenting offenses are many and it takes a long time); or there is a dispute; or discussions on Abhidharma or Vinaya; or expounding the Dharma has lasted deep into the night, it is permitted that before the entire assembly has risen and before the dawn light appears, one should abbreviate the recitation of the precepts. The Daśādhyāya-vinaya states: Traveling with a companion, if one stops [for a long stay], one recites extensively; if one stops for a short while, one recites in an abbreviated manner; if one does not stop, one recites with the three phrases. In front of a layperson, one must not speak aloud, but thinks in mind, saying: "Today is the upoṣadha recitation of the precepts!" Down to when at the lodging place there are perils to life, celibacy, and the like, or fear of nāgas and ghosts, in all such cases one must not make a sound, but thinks in mind and says with the mouth: "Today is the upoṣadha recitation!" The Pañcavargika states: Eminent persons, ferocious beasts, ground with growing grass and thorns, snake dens, dark night, muddy ground, narrow seating. The Mahāsāṃghika states: If evening is pressing, the sky is overcast, wind and rain, the elderly and sick cannot sit for long, or the dwelling place is far away, in all cases it is permitted to recite in an abbreviated manner. The Daśādhyāya states: It is permitted to recite before kings to make their minds pure; except when ministers, soldiers, and officers are dismissed. The Pañcavargika states: If thieves arrive while reciting the precepts, one should recite the sūtras with a continuous voice without letting it break off. If there is a leader of a region who directs and oversees the assembly, whenever it reaches midsummer or severe winter, one should abbreviate the recitation in accordance with the above. When the time comes, during the minor meal, one should announce to the Saṃgha, saying: "Today is the upoṣadha recitation day, which the worthy and noble ones of the ten directions follow in common, and it is hoped that the entire Saṃgha will assemble at the same time." Knowing that it is winter cold or summer heat, one should recite in an abbreviated manner for them, so that they do not engage in other affairs and become weary of the Dharma. Fascicle 34 of the Mahāsāṃghika-vinaya extensively establishes the upoṣadha procedures for the senior monk. The Pañcavargika states: One should not delegate instructions for minor matters; it should be recited in an open place.