四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔 1.477

1.477

Next, explaining the distinct procedures for one person and above. The Vinaya states: If one dwells alone, one goes to the upoṣadha recitation hall, sweeps and cleans, sets out the utensils, and awaits the arrival of guest bhikṣus. If there are four persons or more, they recite the precepts through a motion (jñapti). If there are three persons, each cultivates proper deportment and they speak to one another in turn, saying: "May the two venerable ones single-mindedly pay heed! Today is the Saṃgha's fifteenth-day upoṣadha recitation; I, so-and-so, am pure (three times)!" If there are two persons facing each other, each speaks to the other three times as above. If there is one person, he thinks in mind and speaks with the mouth: "Today is the Saṃgha's fifteenth-day upoṣadha recitation; I, so-and-so, am pure (three times)!" If one travels alone in the mountains or wilds, or in a settlement without people, the procedure is also the same as this. If there is an offense, one must not practice the purification procedure; after self-reproach for minor offenses, one then recites; if there is a grave duṣkṛta or above, whether with doubt or clear knowledge, some say one discloses it, while others say one waits for another person, as the Vinaya has no explicit determination. Now, according to the general interpretation, it is said that one must disclose it, saying: "Today the great Saṃgha performs the upoṣadha recitation; I have committed such-and-such an offense and should not perform the upoṣadha recitation of the precepts (three times)." The Five Hundred Questions states: If a single bhikṣu's dwelling place has a boundary, when the upoṣadha day arrives, he first repents toward the cāturdiśa-saṃgha, and having spoken three times, sits alone and extensively recites the Prātimokṣa.