四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔 2.224

2.224

Precept Thirty-Five on sufficient food. There are five conditions: first, it is food that can satisfy; second, knowing the object satisfies; third, relinquishing the īryāpatha; fourth, having no valid condition; fifth, eating again, which incurs the offense. In the Vinaya, boiled rice, parched barley meal, and dried cooked rice are principal foods; because they can fill and satisfy, it is called 'sufficient food'. There are five conditions: First, knowing it is boiled rice (because boiled rice and the like are principally satisfying). Second, knowing it was brought for oneself (knowing it was brought for me, the object being mostly sufficient). Third, knowing it stops [further food] (knowing the food in front is little, though one eats it, it does not stop subsequent food; if it is plentiful and can satisfy, even eating one mouthful will necessarily stop subsequent food). Fourth, knowing the īryāpatha (knowing the four deportments of walking, standing, sitting, and lying down, as breaking any one of them incurs the offense of sufficiency). Fifth, knowing the relinquishment of the īryāpatha (such as when eating while sitting on a couch, the food before one is capable of satisfying, and one suddenly lowers one's head to fetch something and separates from the couch). Having taken sufficient food, if one relinquishes the īryāpatha without performing the procedure of leftover food, and obtains and eats it (whether the subsequent food is principal or non-principal, such as branches, leaves, flowers, fruit, finely ground flour, cakes, oil, honey, etc., upon getting a single grain into the mouth), it is a pāyattika with every swallow. The *Mahāsāṃghika-vinaya* states: 'Relinquishing the īryāpatha' means eight kinds of deportment (walking, standing, sitting, lying down, a long couch, a short couch, a boat, and a vehicle). For example, after sitting on a couch, if one sees a master monk, a stūpa, or an image behind one's back, and turns one's body to avoid facing one's back to it, dragging the body without leaving the couch; if one leaves it, it is called relinquishing the īryāpatha. If while eating, it rains from above, one holds a parasol over oneself; if there is none, the couch is lifted together and moved to a sheltered place; if it falls to the ground while being carried, or one leaves the original place due to various causes, eating again incurs a pāyattika. The *Pañcavargika-vinaya* lists five things: first, having food; second, handing it over; third, receiving and eating; fourth, not receiving additions again (nowadays some people take principal food, stop after one mouthful, and say they have not formed a mind of termination, then continue eating according to ritual until noon—this is not the correct standard; eating has no period of fullness, and the offense is determined according to the object); fifth, the body leaves the original place, and obtaining food again incurs a pāyattika. If the country has no gruel, drinking parched meal gruel in the morning is permitted.