四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔 2.290

2.290

Precept 83: Entering a village at an improper time. Five conditions: first, it is an improper time; second, there is no reason of an announcement or invitation; third, not taking leave [of another bhikṣu]; fourth, heading toward a layperson's house (this includes the compound of a kappiyakāraka's household within a monastery); fifth, crossing the threshold constitutes the offense. The Daśādhyāya-vinaya states: If entering a village monastery (for a nunnery, one must announce it), an araṇya dwelling, or one's original dwelling place, there is no offense. The Dharmaguptaka Vinaya states: The improper time is from after midday until the light of dawn has not yet appeared. If one does not take leave of a bhikṣu, crossing the village gate for the first time is a pāyattika. If it is on account of affairs of the Saṃgha, the stupa, the monastery, or illness, one must take leave of a bhikṣu. If dwelling alone in a room, one must take leave of the neighboring room. The Daśādhyāya-vinaya states: If there is no bhikṣu to inform, one should inform someone seen at the crossroads. If there is still no one, set one's intention before departing. If there is none, one should inform the three assemblies of nuns. The Mahāsāṃghika-vinaya states: Even if the meal is finished early, it is already the improper time; make the declaration, saying: 'Venerable! I am entering the village at an improper time.' The other person replies: 'Very well!' If the road passes through a village, and there are stupas or shrines in the village, one should proceed straight through along the path; if one departs from the path and wanders left and right, it is a pāyattika. The *Mahāprajñāpāramitopadeśa* states: All residences of laypeople are called villages. Based on this, why should one not take leave before going to a kappiyakāraka's courtyard within a monastery? Be cautious! Be cautious! The Pañcavargika-vinaya states: If traveling along a road at dusk where one must find lodging, or when the eight difficulties arise, in all such cases one need not announce. The Sarvāstivāda-vinaya-vibhāṣā states: A general announcement like 'going wherever the destination leads' is acceptable; an announcement specifying the particulars is also good. If one did not announce beforehand, but meets and announces to a bhikṣu of a different monastery, there is no offense. The Vinayavibhāṣā states: If circumstances require one to enter, first deliberate over this matter—that is, inform a fellow observant and observe correct conduct; if one complies with the decorum in the Vinaya, it is permissible; otherwise, it is improper. In the Vinaya, non-offenses include: if the road passes through a village, or if there is something to report, or an invitation or call, one may proceed directly without taking leave; if there are affairs of the Three Jewels, an exception allows taking leave as stated above.