四分律行事鈔資持記 1.223

1.223

敘昔中，初二句斥時。若下，引示。彼第二卷，前明五事，後明七法，名十二時揵槌。一常會時，謂說恣羯磨講法等集（先從小起至大二十下，稍小二十一下，小小十下，復大三下，共五十四下，此似《五分》三通；但多少有異，準下又名一通耳。）、二旦食時（八下，謂小食也。）、三晝食時（一通，同前常會，謂中齋也。）、四暮投槃時（一通同上，如今昏鐘，投槃疑是梵語，未詳所翻。）、五無常（多少隨時，上並常用，下七卒緣。）。一縣官、二大火、三大水、四賊盜（此四並隨時）、五會沙彌（三下）、六會優婆塞（二下）、七呼私兒（一下）。科要即十二時。節解即打數。解猶段也。但下，明不行所以。事非深奧故易，不知法制則難。

In recounting the past, the first two phrases rebuke the era. From "as for..." downward quotes and demonstrates. In its second fascicle, it first explains five occasions and then explains seven methods, termed the gaṇḍī of the twelve periods. First, the regular assembly, referring to gatherings for poṣadha, pravāraṇā, karmas, Dharma lectures, etc. (first starting from small to loud for twenty strokes, slightly smaller for twenty-one strokes, very small for ten strokes, and loud again for three strokes, fifty-four strokes in total; this resembles the three rounds in the *Mahīśāsaka-vinaya*, but with differences in quantity; based on what follows, it is also called one round); second, morning mealtime (eight strokes, referring to the small meal); third, midday mealtime (one round, the same as the regular assembly above, referring to the noon meal); fourth, evening *tóupán* time (one round, the same as above, like today's dusk bell; *tóupán* is suspected to be Sanskrit, its translation is unclear); fifth, impermanence (the number varies with the occasion; the above are all for regular use, while the seven below are for sudden emergencies): 1. government officials, 2. large fire, 3. great flood, 4. thieves and robbers (these four all vary with the occasion), 5. assembling śrāmaṇeras (three strokes), 6. assembling upāsakas (two strokes), 7. calling private servants (one stroke). "Outlines and essentials" refers to the twelve periods. "Rhythmic divisions" refers to the number of strokes; *jiě* (解) is like "section". From "however..." downward explains why it is not practiced. The matter is not profound and thus is easy, but not knowing the legal regulations makes it difficult.