四分律行事鈔資持記 1.313

1.313

別眾法附，標列中。注釋，前二句示相。上句明異界非別，下句言通三業四儀。後二句結名，可知。然別通能所。就能別中，下至一人；眾法心念，亦制盡集。若論所別，並通多少。問：此與別食何異？答：食中能別局四，三人無過。所別同上。又食有九緣可開，法無方便得別。食則犯提，制重業輕；法唯犯吉，制輕業重。若一界之內，兩眾各秉，則是破僧，犯中品蘭。問：別眾之名，為能為所？答：制過在能，從能立號。《戒疏》云：若取語便，應云眾別。可以決之。問：何名為別？答：別是異義。一三業異，二四儀異，三向背異。並如下明。（食中但是食不同味，名同事別。）

Appended: The rite of a separate assembly. In the heading and listing: In the interlinear commentary, the first two phrases show the characteristics. The upper phrase explains that being in a different boundary is not a separate assembly; the lower phrase states that it applies across the three karmas and the four deportments. The latter two phrases conclude with the name, which is understandable. However, separation applies to both the agent and the object of separation. Regarding the agent of separation, it comes down to as few as one person; for saṃgha rites and mental concentration rites, it is also prohibited unless all assemble. If we discuss the object of separation, it applies equally to many or few. Question: 'How does this differ from eating in a separate group?' Answer: 'In eating, the agent of separation is restricted to four; three persons commit no fault. The object of separation is the same as above. Furthermore, eating has nine conditions under which exceptions are granted, whereas the Dharma provides no expedient means permitting separation. In eating, one commits a pāyattika, where the prohibition is heavy but the karma is light; in the Dharma, one commits only a duṣkṛta, where the prohibition is light but the karma is heavy. If within a single boundary two assemblies carry out [rites] separately, that is schism of the Saṃgha, entailing an intermediate-grade sthūlātyaya.' Question: 'Does the name "separate assembly" derive from the agent or the object?' Answer: 'The prohibition of the fault falls upon the agent, so the designation is established from the agent.' The Precept Commentary says: 'If one considers convenience of phrasing, it should be called "assembly separation".' This can settle the matter. Question: 'What is meant by "separate"?' Answer: 'Separate has the meaning of difference: first, difference in the three karmas; second, difference in the four deportments; third, difference in facing or turning one's back. All are explained below. (In eating, it is merely that the food does not have the same flavor; this is called identity of matter but difference of action.)'