四分律行事鈔資持記 1.489

1.489

發起緣中分二，初二句明境廣。剡浮、閻浮、贍部，皆音轉也；《方志》譯為輪王居處。（以四輪王咸居此故，金輪統四，銀輪除北，銅除西北，鐵除東西北。）又加提者，《釋迦譜》云翻為洲也。水中可居曰洲，今在須彌山南大海中故。彌，大也；亘，廣也。《俱舍》云：三邊各廣二千踰繕那（一踰繕那十六里，三面各三萬二千里。），南邊廣三踰繕那半（五十六里，周迴共九萬六千五十六里。），人面像焉。（《增輝》云：此據五天四至而已，準《住法圖贊》，三邊各二十八萬里；南邊中有八萬里，至南漸狹，周迴可有百萬里。）每下，敘制緣有二。上明眾法難成，下明自行有損。要字平呼，約也。剋，遂也。〈說戒犍度〉云：爾時諸比丘聞佛聽諸比丘詣羅閱城說戒，在諸方聞者，來集疲極；比丘白佛，自今已去，隨處結界等。

In the origins of initiation, there are two parts: the first two lines explain the breadth of the sphere. Shanfu, Yanfu, and Shanbu are all phonetic variations; the Regional Gazetteer translates it as "the dwelling place of the cakravartins." (Because the four cakravartins all dwell here: the gold-wheel king governs all four; the silver-wheel excludes the north; the copper excludes the northwest; the iron excludes the east, west, and north.) Furthermore, as for adding "di" (dvīpa), the Genealogy of the Śākyas says it is translated as "island/continent." Habitable land amid water is called an island; here it refers to being in the great ocean south of Mount Sumeru. "Mi" means vast; "gen" means broad. The Abhidharmakośa says: "The three sides are each two thousand yojanas wide (one yojana is sixteen li; the three sides are each thirty-two thousand li), and the southern side is three and a half yojanas wide (fifty-six li), totaling ninety-six thousand and fifty-six li in perimeter," resembling the shape of a human face. (The Zenghui says: "This merely accounts for the four boundaries of the Five Indies; according to the Diagram and Eulogy on the Abiding of the Dharma, the three sides are each two hundred and eighty thousand li; the southern side is eighty thousand li, gradually narrowing toward the south, with a perimeter of approximately one million li.") "Every..." recounts the two origins of the institution: the upper explains that communal rites are difficult to complete; the lower explains that one's personal practice suffers impairment. The character yao is read in the level tone, meaning restriction. Ke means to succeed. The "Poṣadha Chapter" (Poṣadhasaṃyutta) says: "At that time, the bhikṣus heard that the Buddha permitted the bhikṣus to go to the city of Rājagṛha for poṣadha; those in various quarters who heard this gathered and were utterly exhausted. The bhikṣus told the Buddha, 'From now on, may boundaries be established wherever one is,' and so forth."