四分律行事鈔資持記 1.981

1.981

增減中，初引緣起。《業疏》云：外界鬪諍，不自消殄，反來清眾，塵染何疑。佛下，引開法，初明減前。由避諍人，不待十五；向前二日，故云減也。然十四本是正日；亦為諍緣，故入減中。若十六來，十五日說；由是正日，不名為減。若下，明增後。諍人入界，不得說故；延過兩半，故云增也。文有四節，初明即時潛避，未須增也。令入浴者，眾僧出界，使不知故。若下，是第一增。白僧者，作單白法。又下，即第二增。疏云：兇惡不忍，本界未和；故來異住，望同清蕩等。亦須單白。若下，開與同法。心本非和，恐廢眾事，且令同作，故云強也。是則減為二日，增亦二半；增減皆二，在文可解。

Regarding increase and decrease, it first cites the origin. The Karma Commentary states: "When strife arises outside the boundary and is not dispelled on its own, but instead encroaches upon the pure saṃgha, what doubt can there be of defilement?" From "The Buddha..." onward, it cites the permitted procedures, first explaining decreasing before. Because of avoiding contentious persons, one does not wait until the fifteenth; moving forward by two days is why it is called 'decrease'. However, the fourteenth is originally a standard day; it also enters into the decrease on account of the condition of contention. If they arrive on the sixteenth and one recites on the fifteenth day, because this is a standard day, it is not called a decrease. From "If..." onward, it explains increasing after. Because contentious persons enter the boundary and one cannot recite, postponing it past two fortnights is why it is called 'increase'. The text has four sections: first, it explains immediate discreet avoidance, in which case increase is not yet needed. Causing them to enter the bathhouse is done so that the saṃgha can leave the boundary without letting them know. From "If..." onward, this is the first increase. "Informing the saṃgha" means performing the procedure of a single motion (jñapti). From "Furthermore..." onward, this is the second increase. The commentary states: "Fierce and intractable, not yet reconciled within their own boundary, they therefore come to reside elsewhere, hoping to be cleared along with others, and so forth." This also requires a single motion. From "If..." onward, an exception is granted to perform the legal act together with them. Their minds are fundamentally unreconciled, but fearing that the saṃgha's affairs will be disrupted, they are temporarily made to perform it together; thus it is called 'forced'. Therefore, the decrease is to two days, and the increase is also to two fortnights; both increase and decrease consist of two, which is understandable from the text.