四分律行事鈔資持記 2.1023

2.1023

釋中，初文，前明教誡。說法八敬者，律云：非教授日說八敬，吉；僧不差，與說法，墮。古師執文，謂日非說敬，二吉；不差說法，二提；今師不爾，日非故吉；不差故提；八敬說法，文中互列。故知受差日非，說二俱吉；不差輒教，二亦俱提。如彼廣之。（八敬名相，如尼篇列。）次明日非。引《僧祇》者，律無文故。前三者，彼云時未至也。注中，後三日即十六十七十八。（黑月說戒，即初一初二初三。）後二者，彼云過時。注中去猶至也。二日，即二十九、三十日。（白月即十四十五。）又云：無間黑白，中間十日當往。（白月十九至二十八，黑月初四至十三。）

In the explanation, the first text: the earlier part clarifies the instruction and admonition. Regarding "preaching the Dharma and the eight gurudharmas", the Vinaya states: "Speaking the eight gurudharmas on a day not for instruction is a duṣkṛta; not assigned by the Sangha and preaching the Dharma to them is a pāyattika." Ancient masters adhered to the text, holding that speaking the gurudharmas on an incorrect day incurs two duṣkṛtas, while preaching the Dharma when unassigned incurs two pāyattikas. The present master does not hold this: because the day is incorrect, it is a duṣkṛta; because one is unassigned, it is a pāyattika; the eight gurudharmas and preaching the Dharma are mutually listed in the text. Thus we know that when assigned on an incorrect day, speaking both is a duṣkṛta; when unassigned and willfully instructing, both are likewise pāyattikas, as expanded there. (The nominal marks of the eight gurudharmas are listed as in the chapter on bhikṣuṇīs.) Next, it clarifies that the day is incorrect. Citing the Mahāsāṃghika-vinaya is because the [Dharmaguptaka] Vinaya has no text. Regarding the first three, that text says the time has not arrived. In the commentary, the latter three days are the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth. (For the poṣadha of the kṛṣṇapakṣa, these are the first, second, and third.) Regarding the latter two, that text says it exceeds the time. In the commentary, "departing" still means arriving. The two days are the twenty-ninth and thirtieth. (For the śuklapakṣa, these are the fourteenth and fifteenth.) It also states: "Without distinction of black or white, during the middle ten days one ought to go." (For the śuklapakṣa, the nineteenth to the twenty-eighth; for the kṛṣṇapakṣa, the fourth to the thirteenth.)