四分律行事鈔資持記 3.771

3.771

五中，初誡貪利。徒眾効師，從上所好。今時濫竊，貪利多求，聚首為非；後生倣俲，傷毀佛法，自壞壞他。《楊子》所謂：模不模，範不範，為不少矣。悲哉！次釋三眾。初雖持戒，由心為利，與破戒同住，故云雜也。二既少欲，應不貪利；但是根鈍，不教餘人，故云愚癡。三不染利養，復善戒相，糺舉自他，故云清淨。云何下，釋上善知戒相，有四：一知重，二知輕，三非律不證，四是律應證。文中第釋。知輕中。且舉次篇諫戒，攝下威儀雜相，無不通達。非律中。略舉不淨，自餘非法，例皆擯舉，獨不隨流。以非為是，故云不證。是律中。遠惡忻善，如法而說。一字，即律字；以律訓法，總含大小開遮重輕；故雖博通，指歸一字。若下，明緣開犯遮。非處，謂婬酒屠宰之家。此謂出家菩薩，在塵不染，可得行之；聲聞自攝，恐遭欲染，故制不為。如上三眾，今時尚無愚雜，況清淨耶！僧宗覆滅，佛法安寄？嗚呼！

In the fifth part, it first admonishes greed for gain. The disciples imitate the master, following what superiors favor. Nowadays people falsely arrogate [the position], being greedy for gain and seeking much, gathering heads to do wrong; junior students imitate them, damaging and destroying the Buddhadharma, ruining themselves and ruining others. It is what Master Yang called: "The model is no model, the standard is no standard, and there are not a few such cases." How lamentable! Next, it explains the three assemblies. In the first, although they keep the precepts, because their minds are set on gain, they dwell together with precept-breakers; hence they are called "mixed". In the second, since they have few desires, they should not be greedy for gain; but because their faculties are dull, they do not teach other people; hence they are called "foolish". The third are not defiled by gain and offerings, and are also skilled in the marks of the precepts, investigating and censuring themselves and others; hence they are called "pure". Under "What is meant by...", it explains the above being skilled in the marks of the precepts, of which there are four: first, knowing the grave; second, knowing the light; third, not verifying what is not Vinaya; fourth, verifying what is Vinaya. They are explained in order in the text. Under "knowing the light", it temporarily cites the admonition precepts of the second category, subsuming the deportments and miscellaneous marks below; there is none that is not thoroughly understood. Under "what is not Vinaya", it briefly cites impurity; the remaining unlawful things are by analogy all excluded and censured, solely not following the trend. Taking the wrong as right is why it says "not verifying". Under "what is Vinaya", one distances oneself from evil and rejoices in good, expounding in accord with the Dharma. "One character" is precisely the character "Vinaya" (lù); using Vinaya to gloss Dharma, it completely encompasses the Mahāyāna and Hīnayāna, exceptions and proscriptions, grave and light; therefore, although it is broadly comprehensive, the final resort returns to this single character. Under "If...", it explains the conditions permitting violations of prohibitions. "Improper places" refers to the houses of prostitutes, liquor sellers, and slaughterers. This refers to monastic bodhisattvas who are in the dust but unstained; they may practice this. Śrāvakas restrain themselves and fear falling into defilements of desire; hence they are prohibited from doing so. Of the three assemblies above, nowadays there are not even the foolish and mixed, let alone the pure! If the monastic tradition is overthrown and destroyed, upon what can the Buddhadharma depend? Alas!