四分比丘戒本疏 1.29

1.29

Fourth, the precept against great false speech: the text has seven phrases. First, the person capable of committing the offence. Second, 'having no actual knowledge' pertains to the wisdom arisen from cultivation among the three kinds of wisdom. Whether mundane or supramundane, with outflows or without outflows, each has the paths of preparation, immediate application, liberation, and superior advancement; the superior objects of these four paths are all called 'what is known'. Now, 'having no knowledge' indicates that one possesses ordinary states and lacks superior states. Third, 'claiming oneself to have attained the state of a superior person' means falsely claiming superior states before another person. The text has three sections: (1) The general designation: realizing superior dharmas is called 'the state of a superior person'. (2) The specific enumeration, as in the text: 'I have entered noble knowledge' refers to supramundane dharmas without outflows. 'Superior dharmas' refers to mundane dharmas with outflows subsumed under the wisdom arisen from cultivation. (3) Showing realization, as in the text: 'I know this' refers to both the preparatory and the immediate paths, which are called 'knowing'. 'I see this' refers to both the liberation path and the path of superior advancement, which are called 'seeing'. Fourth, from 'he at a later time' onward, he confesses and repents on his own, hoping to purify himself. After the false speech, at a later time this confession occurs.