四分律刪補隨機羯磨 2.46

2.46

（《僧祇》云：「鉢是出家人器，少欲少事，非俗人所宜。」《五分》云：「佛自作鉢坏，以為法式。」《律》中不得畜雜寶、銅、鑞、木、石鉢，大要有二種：泥、鐵是也。應熏作黑、赤二色。世中時有掍油、漆素、鋏紵等鉢，並非佛制，不成受持。諸部唯有熏鉢一色。《十誦》、此律及《論》云：「上鉢受秦斗三斗。」《毘尼母》云：「不滿斗半，若過三斗，不成受持。」《善見》云：「若穿破，失受持。」《律》云：「鉢破，食入，但淨洗，食不出者，無犯。應謹護，不得乃至足令破。」《毘尼母》云：「當用細澡豆洗。」《律本》云：「若葉若汁，取令除膩，應作囊，若襆盛之，繫口外向，帶絡肩上，挾鉢腋下。」《五分》云：「瓦鉢應近地洗。若非法洗，得罪。」《毘尼母》、《十誦》云：「鉢是諸佛摽誌，不得惡用及洗手，敬之如目。」《律》中若破，以白鑞、鉛錫縵補。《律》無受法，准《十誦》云云：）

(The Mahāsāṃghika-vinaya says: "The bowl is a vessel for renunciants, who have few desires and few affairs; it is not suitable for worldly people." The Mahīśāsaka-vinaya says: "The Buddha personally made an unbaked clay bowl to serve as the standard model." In the Vinaya, one must not keep bowls of assorted precious stones, copper, pewter, wood, or stone; essentially there are two kinds: clay and iron. They should be smoked to produce two colors: black and red. In the world nowadays there are occasionally bowls coated with oil, lacquered plain bowls, dried lacquer bowls, and the like; none of these are prescribed by the Buddha, and taking them up does not constitute valid retention. The various schools only have the single smoked bowl. The Daśādhyāya-vinaya, this Vinaya, and the treatises say: "The largest bowl holds three Qin pecks." The Vinayamātṛkā says: "If it holds less than one and a half pecks, or more than three pecks, the retention is not established." The Samantapāsādikā says: "If punctured or broken, one loses retention of it." The Vinaya says: "If the bowl is broken, but when food enters it and it is simply washed clean, the food does not leak out, there is no offense. One should carefully guard it, not letting it be broken even to this extent." The Vinayamātṛkā says: "One should wash it with fine bath-beans." The Vinaya root text says: "Whether with leaves or broth, clean it to remove grease; one should make a bag or cloth wrap to hold it, tie the opening facing outward, sling the strap across the shoulder, and hold the bowl under the arm." The Mahīśāsaka-vinaya says: "An earthenware bowl should be washed close to the ground. If washed in a manner contrary to the Dharma, an offense is incurred." The Vinayamātṛkā and the Daśādhyāya-vinaya say: "The bowl is the emblem of all Buddhas; one must not misuse it or wash hands in it; revere it like one's eyes." In the Vinaya, if it is cracked, mend it with pewter or lead-tin solder. The Vinaya lacks a procedure for taking it up; following the Daśādhyāya-vinaya, one says:)