尼羯磨 1.68

1.68

「阿難！今為女人制八盡形壽不可過法，若能行者，即是受戒。何等為八？雖百歲比丘尼，見新受戒比丘，應起迎逆、禮拜、與敷淨座令坐；如此法應尊重恭敬讚歎，盡形壽不得過。比丘尼不應罵詈比丘、呵責，不應誹謗言：破戒、破見、破威儀；如此法應尊重等（如上）。比丘尼不應為比丘作舉、作憶念、作自言，不應遮他覓罪、遮說戒、遮自恣，比丘尼不應呵比丘，比丘應呵比丘尼；如此法應尊重等（如上）。式叉摩那學戒已，從比丘僧乞受大戒；如此法應尊重等（如上）。比丘尼犯僧殘罪，應二部僧中行摩那埵；如此法應尊重等（如上）。比丘尼半月從僧乞教授；如此法應尊重等（如上）。比丘尼不應在無比丘處夏安居；此法應尊重等（如上）。比丘尼僧夏安居竟，應比丘僧中求三事自恣：見、聞、疑；如此法應尊重等（如上）。如是阿難，我今說此八不可過法，若女人能行者，即是受戒，譬如人於大水上安橋梁而渡。如是阿難！我今為女人說此八不可過法，若能行者，即是受戒。」爾時阿難聞世尊教已，即往摩訶波闍波提所，語言：「女人得在佛法中出家受大戒，世尊為女人制八不可過法，若能行者，即是受戒。」（即為彼說八事如上。）摩訶波闍波提言：「若世尊為女人說此八不可過法，我及五百舍夷女人，當共頂受。」阿難復還白佛。佛言：「如是阿難！摩訶波闍波提及五百女人得受戒。」又告阿難：「若女人不於佛法出家者，佛法當得久住五百歲。」阿難聞之不樂，心懷悔恨憂惱，啼泣流淚，前禮佛足，繞已而去。

“Ānanda! Now I establish eight principles for women that must not be transgressed as long as life lasts; if they can practice them, that constitutes receiving ordination. What are the eight? Even a bhikṣuṇī of one hundred years [of standing], upon seeing a newly ordained bhikṣu, should rise to welcome him, pay homage, spread a clean seat for him, and invite him to sit; such a Dharma should be respected, revered, and praised, and must not be transgressed as long as life lasts. A bhikṣuṇī must not scold or rebuke a bhikṣu, nor slander him, saying, ‘[You have] broken the precepts, broken [right] view, or broken deportment’; such a Dharma should be respected, etc. (as above). A bhikṣuṇī must not bring accusations, remind [of offences], or extract confessions from a bhikṣu, nor obstruct him in seeking an offence, obstruct his poṣadha, or obstruct his pravāraṇā; a bhikṣuṇī must not rebuke a bhikṣu, but a bhikṣu may rebuke a bhikṣuṇī; such a Dharma should be respected, etc. (as above). A śikṣamāṇā, having trained in the precepts, requests upasampadā from the bhikṣu-saṃgha; such a Dharma should be respected, etc. (as above). A bhikṣuṇī who commits a saṃghāvaśeṣa offence must undergo mānāpya in both saṃghas; such a Dharma should be respected, etc. (as above). Every half-month, a bhikṣuṇī requests instruction from the [bhikṣu-]saṃgha; such a Dharma should be respected, etc. (as above). A bhikṣuṇī must not spend the rains retreat in a place where there are no bhikṣus; this Dharma should be respected, etc. (as above). When the bhikṣuṇī-saṃgha has completed the rains retreat, they should request pravāraṇā in the bhikṣu-saṃgha in respect of three matters: what has been seen, heard, and suspected; such a Dharma should be respected, etc. (as above). In this way, Ānanda, I now declare these eight garudharmas: if a woman is able to practice them, that constitutes receiving ordination, just as someone builds a bridge across a great body of water to cross it. In this way, Ānanda! I now declare these eight garudharmas for women; if they can practice them, that constitutes receiving ordination.” At that time, Ānanda, having heard the World-Honoured One's instruction, immediately went to Mahāprajāpatī's place and spoke to her, saying, “Women are permitted to go forth and receive upasampadā in the Buddha's Dharma. The World-Honoured One has established eight garudharmas for women; if you can practice them, that constitutes receiving ordination.” (He then expounded the eight matters to her as above.) Mahāprajāpatī said, “If the World-Honoured One has declared these eight garudharmas for women, I together with the five hundred Śākya women shall receive them respectfully upon our heads.” Ānanda returned again and reported to the Buddha. The Buddha said, “So it is, Ānanda! Mahāprajāpatī and the five hundred women have obtained ordination.” He further told Ānanda, “If women had not gone forth in the Buddha's Dharma, the Buddha's Dharma would have endured for five hundred years longer.” Ānanda, hearing this, was displeased, harboring regret and sorrow in his heart; weeping with tears streaming down, he stepped forward, bowed to the Buddha's feet, circumambulated him, and departed.