尼羯磨 1.8

1.8

Have those who have not received the upasampadā departed? (The Vinaya states: "One must not perform karman or recite the precepts in front of persons who have not received upasampadā." It also states: "It is permitted, excluding persons who have not received upasampadā, to perform karman and recite the precepts in front of the rest." It also states: "There are four ways of fulfilling the quorum: a person may fulfill the quorum and not be entitled to object; a person may not fulfill the quorum and be entitled to object; a person may not fulfill the quorum and not be entitled to object; a person may fulfill the quorum and also be entitled to object. What kind of person fulfills the quorum and is not entitled to object? One for whom a tarjanīya-karman, pravājanīya-karman, niśraya-karman, or pratisaṃharaṇīya-karman is being performed. What kind of person does not fulfill the quorum and is entitled to object? A person who wishes to receive upasampadā. What kind of person does not fulfill the quorum and is also not entitled to object? When performing a karman for a bhikṣuṇī, a bhikṣu does not fulfill the quorum nor is he entitled to object; a śikṣamāṇā, a śrāmaṇera, a śrāmaṇerikā; one said to have committed an antima-vatthu and the other [types of the] thirteen persons; one under codanā; one subject to nāśanā; one who ought to receive nāśanā; one undergoing parivāsa; one on the māḷaka; one in the air by supernormal power; one who has made herself invisible; one away from the place of sight and hearing; or the person for whom the karman is being performed. What kind of person fulfills the quorum and is also entitled to object? A good bhikṣuṇī residing within the same sīmā, not in the air by supernormal power, not invisible, not away from the place of sight and hearing, and so forth up to speaking to someone beside her.")