天台菩薩戒疏 1.26

1.26

次「周匝」下，明釋迦迹化，望千百億國釋迦，則千釋迦為本、千百億為迹，成兩重本迹，若望《法華》並迹中本迹。於中又三：初明迹中之本，二明迹中之迹，三明本之與迹皆成佛道。初言「千華上」者，亦言千葉現千釋迦，一華一佛三千大千世界，故有千佛淨土，此即二住明分身也。初住分身百佛世界，二住十倍華嚴，二住已去多明別義，故於二住辨圓成相，後後之位身土叵量。次明迹中之迹，初句舉一華一佛生百億國，國者是一四天下之名也。所以一三千大千世界，小千有一千四天下，中千具千千，千千即十億大千，千倍即有萬億四天下等。經云百億即小數萬萬，億億有百百大數，百百為百，故云百億。於萬億國、萬億南洲各一釋迦，故云「一國一釋迦」。第三文者，萬億南洲菩提樹下，一釋迦與一華一釋迦同時成佛，千佛世界總有一千箇萬億釋迦，與千釋迦放光互照，華臺名舍那、華葉名釋迦，釋迦為伴、舍那為主，主伴相關，受法王職，同時成佛，故云「各坐」等。

Next, from "all around" downward explains the trace-manifestations of Śākyamuni. Viewed in relation to the Śākyamunis of the hundreds of millions of lands, the one thousand Śākyamunis are the source-origin and the hundreds of millions are the traces, forming a two-tiered origin and trace. If viewed in relation to the Lotus Sūtra, both are origin and trace within the trace. Within this there are also three parts: first, explaining the origin within the trace; second, explaining the trace within the trace; third, explaining that both the origin and the trace achieve the Buddha Path.

First, as for "upon the thousand flowers," this also refers to the thousand petals manifesting a thousand Śākyamunis. One flower and one Buddha corresponds to a great trichiliocosm, so there are a thousand Buddha pure lands; this clarifies the emanation bodies at the stage of the second aboding. At the first aboding, bodies are emanated throughout one hundred Buddha worlds; at the second aboding, it is tenfold in the Avataṃsaka. Beyond the second aboding, distinct meanings are mostly explained; therefore, the characteristics of the perfect attainment are distinguished at the second aboding, and the bodies and lands of subsequent stages are immeasurable.

Next, to explain the trace within the trace: the first line mentions that one flower and one Buddha produces ten billion lands. "Land" is the designation for one set of four continents. Thus, in one great trichiliocosm, a small chiliocosm contains one thousand sets of four continents, a medium chiliocosm contains one thousand thousands—one thousand thousands being one billion—and a great chiliocosm, being a thousand times that, contains ten billion sets of four continents, and so forth. In the sūtra, "ten billion" is the smaller number of ten thousand ten-thousands; in the reckoning of billions of billions, there is a large number of hundred hundreds, and hundred hundreds makes a hundred [billions], hence it says "ten billion." In the ten billion lands and ten billion southern continents, there is one Śākyamuni in each; hence it says "in each land, one Śākyamuni."

The third passage: beneath the bodhi trees of the ten billion southern continents, each single Śākyamuni attains Buddhahood simultaneously with the Śākyamuni of each single flower. In the thousand Buddha worlds there are altogether one thousand times ten billion Śākyamunis, who, together with the thousand Śākyamunis, emit light that illuminates one another. The flower calyx is named Rocana, and the flower petals are named Śākyamuni. Śākyamuni is the companion and Rocana is the host. Host and companion are interrelated, receiving the office of Dharma King and simultaneously attaining Buddhahood; hence it says "each sitting," and so on.