天台菩薩戒疏 2.10

2.10

第八、背正向邪戒。菩薩大士佛性為心，背大乘習學邪小，罪逾七逆，外道為儔，故制犯也。別具四緣：一、是大乘戒定慧法，二、作彼想，三、言乖心背，四、捨圓學偏，便犯。就文為二：初標心口背正，次「而受持」下舉過結犯。初文言「常住經律」等者，俱是大乘詮實相理，名常住也。文言「惡見」者，二乘空邊之惡，外道有邊之惡，並名為惡。故《涅槃經》迦葉自敘未聞圓常四德之前名邪見人，邪豈非惡？「而受持」三字冠下諸句。受持一切禁戒者，非正律儀，鷄狗等戒不為解脫，並名邪見。邪見多含，故云「一切」等。

Eighth, the precept against turning away from the correct and heading toward the deviant. The mind of the great bodhisattva is Buddha-nature; to turn one's back on the Mahāyāna to practice and study the deviant and the lesser—its sin surpasses the seven heinous acts, making one an associate of externalists; hence an offense is instituted. It specifically comprises four conditions: first, it being the Mahāyāna teachings of precepts, concentration, and wisdom; second, conceiving them as such; third, one's words deviating and mind turning away; fourth, abandoning the perfect and studying the biased; whereupon one commits an offense. The text has two parts: first, designating the mind and mouth turning away from the correct; next, from 'yet receiving and upholding' onward, adducing the fault to conclude the offense. In the first part, as for 'eternal sūtras and vinaya, etc.', they are all Mahāyāna explicating the principle of the true mark, hence called 'eternal'. When the text says 'evil views', the evil of the emptiness side of the two vehicles and the evil of the existence side of externalists are both called evil. Thus in the Nirvāṇa Sūtra, Kāśyapa recounted of himself that before hearing the four virtues of the perfect and eternal, he was a person of wrong views; is what is wrong not evil? The four words 'yet receiving and upholding' head the various phrases below. As for 'receiving and upholding all prohibitive precepts', they are not correct deportment; precepts of chickens, dogs, and the like are not for liberation, and are all called wrong views. Wrong views encompass many things, which is why it says 'all', and so forth.