梵網經菩薩戒本疏 6.92

6.92

八、釋文者，文中三：初、別制五非，二、初結同制，三、故違結犯。前中五非即為五段。初、觀鬪戒中準後應有「不得」二字，為後有總結，是故五中有有者無者。「以惡心故」者，明犯因。此有三類：一、觀相鬪用此快彼無揮解意，二、將此為戲悅己狂心，三、暢發害心。次、明所觀鬪，亦有三類：一、男等相鬪，謂相罵打等；二、軍兵列陣；三、劫相鬪，更或可軍兵與賊相鬪，更無第三也。「等」者，等餘一切所不說者。二、「亦不得」下明聽音樂戒，於中略明十種，前九別辨九種音樂聲，後一通結伎樂，並可知。三、「不得」下博戲戒，於中有九種戲。第三、「波羅塞戲」者，是西國兵戲法，謂二人各執二十餘小玉乘象或馬，於局道所爭得要路以為勝也。四、彈碁者，謂以指彈碁子得遠為勝。五、言「六博」者，有二種釋：一云即雙六是也，一云別數六種博戲，前釋為定。六、七可知。八、捉壺者，謂捉杖於壺中，如嵇康等。九、八道行城，可知。四、「狐鏡」下，明妖術戒。於中略辨五種：一、「狐鏡」者，承聞西國術師以藥塗狐甲呪之，即於中見吉凶等事，故名狐鏡。二、用蓍草作術。三、呪楊枝。四、呪鉢。五、以人髑髏並用作筮，占知吉凶。皆是凡愚所作，豈修行所宜？故嚴制一切斷。五、「不得」下，明賊使戒。謂與賊為使，助成盜業。若據成他盜邊，犯前初篇；約作不應作，犯此罪耳。二、「一一」下，總制。三、「若故」下，結犯，可知。

Eighth, in explaining the text, there are three parts: first, separately formulating [prohibitions against] the five wrongdoings; second, concluding together with the same formulation; third, intentional violation and adjudication of offense. The five wrongdoings in the former constitute five sections. First, in the precept against watching fighting, according to what follows, the two characters "must not" should be present; but because there is a general conclusion later, among the five some have them and some do not. "With an evil mind" clarifies the cause of the violation. This has three categories: 1. watching them fight each other to take pleasure in it, having no intention of separating or resolving them; 2. treating this as entertainment to delight one's wild mind; 3. giving vent to a harmful mind. Next, clarifying the fighting that is watched, there are also three categories: 1. men and so forth fighting each other, meaning cursing and beating each other; 2. soldiers arrayed in battle; 3. bandits fighting each other—or perhaps soldiers fighting with bandits, without a third category. "And so forth" includes all other things not mentioned. Second, from "also must not" downward clarifies the precept against listening to music, in which ten kinds are briefly explained: the first nine separately distinguish nine kinds of musical sounds, and the last one summarizes acrobatic entertainment and music; all can be understood. Third, from "must not" downward is the precept against gambling and games, in which there are nine kinds of games. Third, "parasī-chess" (prāsa/pāśaka game) is a method of military gaming from the Western Regions, where two people each hold twenty-odd small jade pieces riding elephants or horses, competing to seize crucial roads on the board to win. Fourth, flick-chess (tanqi), meaning using a finger to flick chess pieces, winning by reaching farther. Fifth, mentioning "liubo": there are two explanations; one says it is double-six (shuangliu, backgammon), and the other says it separately counts six kinds of gambling games; the former explanation is definitive. The sixth and seventh can be understood. Eighth, "pitch-pot" refers to holding darts into a pot, like Ji Kang and others. Ninth, "eight-track city navigation" can be understood. Fourth, from "fox mirror" downward clarifies the precept against sorcery. Therein, five kinds are briefly distinguished: 1. "fox mirror": it is heard that sorcerers in the Western Regions smear fox claws with medicine and incant over them, whereupon they see auspicious and inauspicious matters therein, hence the name "fox mirror." 2. Performing sorcery using yarrow stalks. 3. Incanting willow branches. 4. Incanting alms-bowls. 5. Using human skulls together with them for divination to foreknow good and bad fortune. All of these are what ordinary fools do; how could they be suitable for practitioners? Therefore they are strictly forbidden and completely severed. Fifth, from "must not" downward clarifies the precept against serving as a bandit's messenger, meaning acting as a messenger for bandits, assisting and completing acts of theft. If considered from the side of completing another's theft, it violates the former first section [the major precept on theft]; regarding doing what should not be done, it incurs this offense. Second, from "each and every" downward is the general formulation. Third, from "if intentionally" downward is the adjudication of offense, which can be understood.