梵網經菩薩戒本疏 3.20

3.20

Fifth, the deficiency of conditions. In lacking the first condition, there are three senses: First, if there is a mistake between central [lands], peripheral [lands], or different destinies, if [the recipient] understands, both constitute a major [offense]; if that [recipient] does not understand, if one does not know [they do not understand], it is a major preparatory offense, and if one knows, it is a minor preparatory offense. Second, if there is a mistake regarding insentient objects, whether knowing or not knowing, these are also the two preparatory offenses of minor and major. Third, if it involves doubt, doubly lacking [the conditions], there are also three offenses; their minor or major [gravity] should be determined accordingly. Next, lacking the second condition also involves three offenses: that is, conceiving the idea of central, peripheral, or different destinies, if [the recipient] understands, it is major; if one does not know that they do not understand, it is a major preparatory offense; if one knows, it is a minor preparatory offense. Original delusion and shifted conception should be judged similarly to the previous precept. Next, lacking the third condition: either in all cases there is no offense, because there is no intention to deceive; or one incurs a minor offense, because of lack of careful examination and leading another astray. Next, lacking the fourth condition has two senses: First, regarding what exists, if one says what does not exist with the intent to deceive, although there is no concealing of the facts, it is major because of the intention to conceal. Second, original delusion, shifted conception, and doubt all incur offenses; their preparatory stages may be known accordingly. Next, lacking the fifth condition has two [cases]: either there is no offense, because of a wholesome intention; or merit is generated, because of benefiting [others], as it enters the permissive conditions according to the Yogācāra [precepts]. Next, lacking the sixth condition results in a major preparatory offense, because although one spoke rapidly, the other person nonetheless understood the meaning. Furthermore, as when a mute person uses gestures to deceive someone, causing the other to understand is equivalent to clear speech; both are major. Next, lacking the seventh condition has three [cases]: knowing the other does not understand is a minor preparatory offense; not knowing is a major preparatory offense; causing the other to doubt is also a major preparatory offense.