菩薩戒本疏 2.42

2.42

Harming objects [of trade] in pursuit of profit, causing deep intrusion and harassment—for this reason it is prohibited and cut off. The Great and Lesser [Vehicles] share the prohibition; it is not shared by all seven assemblies. If it is trade that harms the object, such as selling human beings and the like, both the religious and the laity are prohibited. If it is trade seeking profit, such as the exchange of cloth and silks, it is prohibited for the religious but permitted for the laity. Hence the Upāsaka-[śīla]-sūtra says: 'When a layperson acquires wealth, they should divide it into four portions: one portion for providing for parents, wife, and children; two portions for lawful trade; and the remaining one portion to be stored and gathered.' Now, this precept also prohibits pramāda of body and speech. The text says, 'intentionally trades in free persons': knowing that they are persons not belonging to oneself, yet by force or deceit trading them. 'Trading in slaves and the six kinds of domestic animals': although these belong to oneself, there may well be separation, infringement, and harm; therefore an offense is incurred. 'Trading in coffins, timber, and apparatus for containing the dead': 'coffins' are precisely 'timber'; or 'timber' refers to outer coffins and other woods outside the inner coffin. As for 'One should not even do so deliberately oneself, much less instruct another to do so': in this, citing oneself to illustrate others is because the preceding precept on drinking liquor prohibits one's own pramāda, and thus cites others to illustrate oneself; this trading precept prohibits harming other objects, and thus cites oneself to illustrate others. The mutual illustration between self and other has its intent right here.