梵網經古迹記 2.156

2.156

述曰：難遇大乘，如經廣說。言菩薩者，大乘學也。抱己無知，隨惡友轉，為防此失，故制斯戒。言「有佛經律大乘法」者，教法也。簡外道故，言「佛經律」；異二乘故，言「大乘法」。言「正見」者，行法；「正性」者，理法；「法身」者，果法。言「而捨七寶」者，大法可珍，從喻為名，如捨七寶，反取瓦礫也。或有經本「不捨七寶」，即世珍也。此中增減，名為「邪見」；小乘論等，名「阿毘曇」。言「書記」者，世間飾文。《瑜伽》云：宣似正法，及預世間文章明數，即菩薩相似功德故。「是斷佛種障道因緣」者，退大進餘，名「斷佛性」；重邪闕正，名「障道因緣」。如契經云：大乘法流行，名佛種子不斷。《法華經》云：學小乘者，不應共住。如《瑜伽》云：於菩薩藏未精研究，專學聲聞及外論等，是染違犯。若上聰敏速受不忘，若於其義能思能達，若於佛教無動覺者，於日日中常以二分修學佛語，一分學外，即無違犯。又云：若說菩薩何用受持聲聞藏法，是染違犯。尚學外道，況於佛語。無違犯者，為令一向習小乘者捨彼欲故，作如是說。

Commentary: The difficulty of encountering the Mahāyāna is as expounded at length in the sūtras. Calling someone a 'bodhisattva' means a student of the Mahāyāna. Clinging to one's own ignorance and being swayed by bad friends—to prevent this failing, this precept was established. As for 'possessing the Buddha's sūtras and vinaya, the Mahāyāna Dharma', this refers to the Dharma of teaching. To distinguish from non-Buddhists, it says 'the Buddha's sūtras and vinaya'; to distinguish from the two vehicles, it says 'the Mahāyāna Dharma'. 'Right view' refers to the Dharma of practice; 'right nature' refers to the Dharma of principle; 'dharmakāya' refers to the Dharma of fruition. As for 'and discards the seven jewels', the Great Dharma is to be treasured, taking its name from a metaphor, just as discarding the seven jewels and instead picking up rubble. Or, some sūtra manuscripts have 'not discarding the seven jewels', meaning worldly treasures. Here, adding and subtracting is called 'wrong views'; Hīnayāna treatises and the like are called 'Abhidharma'. 'Secular writings' refers to worldly ornate literature. The Yogācārabhūmi says: 'Expounding what resembles the true Dharma and engaging in worldly literature and numeracy are counterfeit virtues of a bodhisattva.' As for 'this is a cause and condition for severing the Buddha-seed and obstructing the Path', retrogressing from the Great [Vehicle] and advancing in the other is called 'severing the Buddha-nature'; valuing the false and lacking the true is called 'a cause and condition for obstructing the Path'. As an authentic sūtra says: 'The circulation of the Mahāyāna Dharma is called the non-interruption of the Buddha-seed.' The Lotus Sūtra says: 'One should not dwell together with those who study the Small Vehicle.' As the Yogācārabhūmi says: 'Not having thoroughly investigated the Bodhisattva Piṭaka, but exclusively studying the Śrāvaka [Piṭaka] and non-Buddhist treatises, etc., is a defiled infraction. If one is superiorly intelligent, quickly learns and does not forget, is capable of contemplating and understanding the meaning, and has an unshakeable awakening regarding the Buddha's teaching, then spending two parts [of the day] every day cultivating and studying the Buddha's words and one part studying non-Buddhist works is not an infraction.' It also says: 'If one says, "What use does a bodhisattva have for receiving and upholding the teachings of the Śrāvaka Piṭaka?", this is a defiled infraction. One even studies non-Buddhist teachings, how much more so the Buddha's words! That there is no infraction is said in order to cause those who exclusively practice the Small Vehicle to abandon their desires.'