金剛般若論會釋 1.45

1.45

解第二段第一心中分二，初、解「所有眾生界、眾生所攝」文，後、解「皆令入無餘涅槃」。總中羅什全無；流支云，「所有眾生界、眾生所攝」，此論云，所有眾生界施設住施設已，與《能斷》同；《能斷》云，「乃至有情界施設、所施設」，此中意說，外道尼乾說草木皆悉有命，佛則不爾。於五無量中，彼初說有情界無量是也，此中施設者名也，能詮之名。或名為想，因想起故；或名無體，但是心想之所意解，能起於想，故名為想；或名施設，法本無名，名者皆是假所施設，施設不稱法體。非但名是法上施設，亦是世尊為異外道說草木等以為眾生，唯說若有內五蘊者以為有情，能施設者佛也，正施設體名所施設。有情之體皆欲度之，非度外道所說有情諸草木等亦欲令其入涅槃也，是此中意。論云，謂上種種等者，謂上所說三類差別，種種體相在眾生界，為世尊施設有情之名，所辨施以為有情體者，總牒上來所說眾生。

Explaining the first mind in the second section is divided into two: first, explaining the text "whatever realm of sentient beings exists, embraced by sentient beings"; and second, explaining "causing them all to enter nirvāṇa without remainder." In the general [text], Kumārajīva has nothing at all; Bodhiruci says, "whatever realm of sentient beings exists, embraced by sentient beings"; this treatise says, "having designated and established within whatever realm of sentient beings exists", which is identical to the Vajracchedikā; the Vajracchedikā says, "up to what is designated and established in the realm of sentient beings". The meaning here states: the non-Buddhist Nirgranthas say that plants and trees all possess life, but the Buddha does not hold this. Among the five immeasurables, that initial one taught as the immeasurable realm of sentient beings is this. Here, "designation" is a name, a name that expresses. Or it is called "conceptualization", because it arises from conceptualization; or it is called "lacking substance", being merely what is conceptualized by mental conceptualization and capable of giving rise to conceptualization, hence called conceptualization; or it is called "designation", for dharmas are fundamentally without names, and names are all nominally designated, designations not matching the substance of dharmas. Not only are names designations upon dharmas, but it is also that the World-Honoured One, to differ from non-Buddhists who speak of plants and trees as sentient beings, only speaks of whatever possesses internal five aggregates as being sentient beings; the one capable of designating is the Buddha, and the actual substance designated is called the "designated". Wishing to cross over the substance of sentient beings does not mean crossing over the sentient beings spoken of by non-Buddhists—plants, trees, etc.—also wishing to cause them to enter nirvāṇa; this is the meaning here. When the treatise says, "meaning the various above", etc., it refers to the distinctions of the three categories spoken of above, their various substances and characteristics within the realm of sentient beings; taking what the World-Honoured One designates with the name of sentient beings, what is distinguished and designated as the substance of sentient beings, it generally reiterates the sentient beings spoken of above.