金剛般若論會釋 3.36

3.36

Below, it explains: 'This person walks a wrong path, / and cannot see the Tathāgata.' The treatise explains that 'walking a wrong path' is termed 'practicing wrong quietude', because one who has attained dhyāna is called 'one who is quiet'. 'Quietude' is a name for concentration (samādhi). It means that grasping the Buddha's marks of form and sound to contemplate the Buddha is practicing a wrong concentration that grasps marks, and one cannot by this see the Buddha's dharmakāya; hence it says 'cannot see the Tathāgata'. The Tang translation says 'treading on wrong severance'; 'path' (dao), 'severance' (duan), and 'quietude' (jing) are all simply alternative names for concentration. Another explanation says: the dharmakāya is called 'severance' because it is of the nature of severance; to tally with and realize it through wisdom is called 'treading'; if one contemplates the manifested marks and clings to them as the dharmakāya, that is not correct realization, and is therefore called 'treading on wrong severance'. The former explanation should be considered superior, taking the treatise as primary; the latter explanation contradicts the treatise. Further, according to the alternative names for dhyāna-concentration, explaining the meaning of wrong concentration: dhyāna-concentration is also called 'cultivation of thinking' (cintā-bhāvanā). 'Thinking' is subsumed under the manas; the manas takes deliberative thinking as its meaning, because when one wishes to enter concentration, the manas first deliberates on the object of concentration; being right in concentration is called 'cultivation', and the marks of the object within concentration are transformed by the concentration-consciousness and in turn grasped by the concentration-consciousness. The aforementioned wrong concentration is conventional truth, subsumed under manas and consciousness; it is not the non-conceptual wisdom of a bodhisattva, and one cannot by this see the Buddha's dharmakāya; hence it says 'cannot see the Tathāgata'.