俱舍論記 24.36

24.36

「餘於靜慮至方般涅槃」者，別釋無雜修上流。有餘上流於諸靜慮無雜修者，能往有頂方般涅槃。謂彼先無雜修靜慮，由於諸四定愛味為生緣，此沒遍生色界十一處，唯不能往五淨居天。復從色界廣果天沒，於下三無色次第生已，後生有頂方般涅槃。應知樂定上流，於十五處，全超受二生，半超極少三生、極多十四生，遍沒十五生也。故《婆沙》一百七十四云「復次上流有三種：一全超、二半超、三一切處沒。全超者，謂欲界沒生梵眾天，梵眾天沒生色究竟或生非想非非想處而般涅槃。半超者，謂欲界沒生梵眾天，梵眾天沒於上一切天處，或更生一處，或二、或三、或四、或五，乃至或唯超一處遍生餘處，然後生色究竟，或生非想非非想處而般涅槃。一切處沒者，謂欲界沒生梵眾天，梵眾天沒生梵先行天，如是次第生上諸處乃至廣果天。從此以上有二路別：一入淨居、二入無色。入淨居者，廣果天沒生無煩天，次第乃至生色究竟而般涅槃。入無色者，廣果天沒生空無邊處，次第乃至生非想非非想處而般涅槃。如一切處沒有二路別，應知全超、半超亦爾。」解云：言梵先行天者，梵王欲出，在前行列或在前行。又《婆沙》云「問：如說退住初靜慮生梵眾天，作全超、半超、一切處沒上流。彼若退住第二靜慮生少光天，退住第三靜慮生少淨天，退住第四靜慮生無雲天等，彼亦得作全超、半超、一切處沒上流不耶？有說：不得。以生梵世，於上不還所應生處更無缺減故，依彼建立全超、半超、一切處沒。若退生上地，處便缺減故，不依彼立全超等。有說：彼亦得名半超，以超少分中間處故。有說：亦得具名三種。彼說從欲界沒隨生何處，即於彼上所應生處亦可施設全超、半超、一切處沒故。問：若不還者欲界沒生無色界，亦得作全超等不耶？有說：不得。有說：彼亦得名半超。有說：彼亦具名三種。此中所以，皆如前釋。」

Regarding “Others, in the dhyānas [...] only then attain parinirvāṇa”: this separately explains the upward-streamer without complex cultivation. There are other upward-streamers who lack complex cultivation in the dhyānas, who can go to the Peak of Existence (bhavāgra) and only then attain parinirvāṇa. That is, having previously had no complex cultivation of the dhyānas, due to relish-attachment (āsvādanā) to the four dhyānas as the condition for rebirth, dying here they are born throughout the eleven planes of the form realm, only unable to go to the five Śuddhāvāsa heavens. Then, dying from the Heaven of Abundant Fruits (Bṛhatphala) of the form realm, after taking birth successively in the lower three formless [realms], they are later born in the Peak of Existence and only then attain parinirvāṇa. One should know that for the upward-streamer delighting in samādhi, among the fifteen planes: the total leaper takes two births; the half-leaper takes at minimum three births and at maximum fourteen births; the dying-everywhere takes fifteen births. Therefore the Mahāvibhāṣā, fascicle 174, states: “Furthermore, there are three kinds of upward-streamers: first, the total leaper; second, the half-leaper; third, the dying-in-all-places. The total leaper is one who, dying in the desire realm, is born in the Brahmā-pāriṣadya heaven, and dying in the Brahmā-pāriṣadya heaven, is born in Akaniṣṭha or in the station of neither-perception-nor-non-perception (naivasaṃjñānāsaṃjñāyatana) and attains parinirvāṇa. The half-leaper is one who, dying in the desire realm, is born in the Brahmā-pāriṣadya heaven, and dying in the Brahmā-pāriṣadya heaven, among all the higher heavenly planes, either takes birth in one more place, or two, or three, or four, or five, up to leaping over only one place and being born everywhere else, thereafter being born in Akaniṣṭha or the station of neither-perception-nor-non-perception and attaining parinirvāṇa. The dying-in-all-places is one who, dying in the desire realm, is born in the Brahmā-pāriṣadya heaven, and dying in the Brahmā-pāriṣadya heaven, is born in the Brahmā-purohita heaven, successively taking birth in the higher planes up to the Bṛhatphala heaven. From this upward, there are two distinct paths: first, entering the Śuddhāvāsa; second, entering the formless. Those entering the Śuddhāvāsa, dying in the Bṛhatphala heaven, are born in the Avṛha heaven, successively up to being born in Akaniṣṭha and attaining parinirvāṇa. Those entering the formless, dying in the Bṛhatphala heaven, are born in the station of boundless space (ākāśānantyāyatana), successively up to being born in the station of neither-perception-nor-non-perception and attaining parinirvāṇa. Just as the dying-in-all-places has two distinct paths, one should know that the total leaper and half-leaper are also like this.” Explanation: the term ‘heaven of those who precede Brahmā’ (Brahmā-purohita) means that when King Brahmā wishes to go out, they line up in front or walk in front. Furthermore, the Mahāvibhāṣā states: “Question: As it is said that one who regresses to abide in the first dhyāna is born in the Brahmā-pāriṣadya heaven and acts as an upward-streamer who is a total leaper, a half-leaper, or dying-in-all-places; if one regresses to abide in the second dhyāna and is born in the Parīttābha heaven, or regresses to abide in the third dhyāna and is born in the Parīttaśubha heaven, or regresses to abide in the fourth dhyāna and is born in the Anabhraka heaven, and so on, can they also act as an upward-streamer who is a total leaper, a half-leaper, or dying-in-all-places, or not? Some say: They cannot. Because being born in the Brahmā world, there is no lack or diminution in the higher planes where a non-returner ought to be born; based on that, the total leaper, half-leaper, and dying-in-all-places are established. If one regresses and is born in a higher stage, the places become diminished, hence the total leaper and so forth are not established based on them. Some say: They may also be called half-leapers, because they leap over a small portion of intermediate places. Some say: They can also be fully designated by all three kinds. They say that from the desire realm, dying and being born in whichever plane, right above that among the places where one ought to be born, one can also establish the total leaper, half-leaper, and dying-in-all-places. Question: If a non-returner dies in the desire realm and is born in the formless realm, can they also act as a total leaper and so forth, or not? Some say: They cannot. Some say: They may also be called half-leapers. Some say: They also fully possess the three kinds. The reasons here are all as explained before.”