俱舍論記 5.212

5.212

「或能辨了至此章稱句」者，又約聲明解句。業用謂所作業用。德謂諸法道德，隨其所應皆有德用。時是助句，謂能辨了業用、德時。相應是鉤戀義，謂能辨了業用、德時，於中所有名義鉤戀不斷。差別謂隨何法有此業用、德，與餘法不同，故名差別。如言提婆達多將黑牛來，搆取乳與親教飲。於中運動，名業用。黑牛乳冷能療熱病，名德。所有名義不絕，名相應。此有如是業用，德，與餘法不同，名差別。若能辨了業用、德時、相應差別，此章稱句。又解：業是所作業，用是能作用，德是諸法道德，時是三世時。若此法與此所作業合名相應，不與彼法相應名差別。若此法與此能作用合名相應，不與彼法相應名差別。若法與此德合名相應，不與彼法相應名差別。若法與此時合名相應，不與彼相應名差別。應知相應、差別通業四等，謂隨能辨了業、用、德、時相應、差別，此章稱句。又解：如一色處極微自相，有是所見業，或舉、下業；有能發識用，或取果用青、黃等德；過、未等時；與無量共相合，名相應。簡不相應，名差別。或不相應即名差別。謂能辨了色是所見等，此章稱句。

"Or it can fully clarify [...] this sentence is called a phrase": Furthermore, a phrase is explained according to grammar (śabdavidyā). Action (karman/kriyā) refers to the action performed. Quality (guṇa) refers to the qualities and virtues of dharmas; according to what is appropriate, all have qualities and functions. Time (kāla) is an auxiliary to the phrase; that is, it can clarify action, quality, and time. Conjunction/syntax (saṃbandha/anvaya) has the sense of interlocking and longing, meaning that it can clarify action, quality, and time, wherein all names and meanings are linked continuously without interruption. Distinction (viśeṣa) means: whichever dharma possesses this action and quality, it is different from other dharmas, hence it is called distinction. For example, saying: 'Devadatta, bring the black cow, milk it, and give it to the preceptor to drink.' Therein, physical movement is called action. The milk of a black cow being cold and able to cure heat-illness is called quality. All names and meanings being uninterrupted is called conjunction. Having such action and quality different from other dharmas is called distinction. If it can fully clarify the conjunction and distinction of action, quality, and time, this sentence is called a phrase. Another explanation: 'action' (karman) is the deed done; 'function' (prayoga/kriyā) is the active capacity; 'quality' (guṇa) is the virtue/attribute of dharmas; 'time' (kāla) is the time of the three periods. If this dharma is joined with this deed done, it is called conjunction; if it is not conjoined with that dharma, it is called distinction. If this dharma is joined with this active capacity, it is called conjunction; if it is not conjoined with that dharma, it is called distinction. If a dharma is joined with this quality, it is called conjunction; if it is not conjoined with that dharma, it is called distinction. If a dharma is joined with this time, it is called conjunction; if it is not conjoined with that, it is called distinction. It should be known that conjunction and distinction apply to all four: action and the rest. That is, whatever can fully clarify the conjunction and distinction of action, function, quality, and time, this sentence is called a phrase. Another explanation: taking the specific characteristic of a single form-āyatana paramāṇu: it has the action of being seen, or the action of lifting and lowering; it has the function of generating consciousness, or the function of seizing a fruit; the qualities of blue, yellow, and so forth; the times of past, future, and so forth; being combined with countless general characteristics is called conjunction. Excluding what is not conjoined is called distinction; or, non-conjunction itself is called distinction. That is, being able to fully clarify that form is that which is seen and so forth, this sentence is called a phrase.