俱舍論記 8.8

8.8

「地獄洲異至皆欲界攝」者，答。《正理》三十一釋前七地獄云「眾苦逼身數悶如死，尋蘇如本，故名等活。謂彼有情雖遭種種斫刺磨擣，而彼暫遇涼風所吹尋蘇如本，等前活，故立等活名。先以黑索拼量支體，後方斬鋸，故名黑繩。眾多苦具俱來逼身，合黨相殘，故名眾合。眾苦所逼異類悲號，怨發叫聲，故名號叫。劇苦所逼發大酷聲，悲叫稱怨，故名大叫。火隨身轉炎熾周圍，熱苦難任，故名炎熱。若內若外、自身他身皆出猛火互相燒害，熱中極故，名為極熱。」又此論下文釋第八地獄云「受苦無間，故名無間。無樂間苦，故名無間。」言四洲者，南贍部洲，或從林立號，或以菓標名。東勝身洲，身形勝故，或身勝贍部，故名勝身，梵云毘提河。西牛貨洲，以牛貨易，故名牛貨，梵云瞿陀尼。北俱盧，唐言勝處，於四洲中處最勝故。或云勝生，於四洲中生最勝故。餘文可知。

Regarding the passage from "The hells and the differences of the continents..." up to "...are all subsumed under the desire realm": this is the answer. The thirty-first fascicle of the Nyāyānusāra explains the first seven hells, saying: "Multiple sufferings press upon the body so that they repeatedly faint as if dead, but quickly revive as before; hence it is called Samjīva (Reviving). That is, although those sentient beings suffer various cuttings, stabbings, grindings, and poundings, when they briefly encounter a cooling breeze blowing upon them, they quickly revive as before, living again equal to prior; hence the name Samjīva is established. First, black cords are used to mark and measure the limbs, and only afterwards are they hacked and sawn; hence it is called Kālasūtra (Black Cord). Numerous instruments of suffering converge to oppress the body, and they gather in mobs to harm one another; hence it is called Saṃghāta (Crushing). Pressed by multiple sufferings, different groups weep and wail, crying out in enmity; hence it is called Raurava (Weeping). Oppressed by severe suffering, they emit terrible, agonizing sounds, weeping and crying out against enmity; hence it is called Mahāraurava (Great Weeping). Fire follows their bodies and turns, flaring all around them so that the suffering of heat is unbearable; hence it is called Tapana (Heating). Internally and externally, from their own bodies and the bodies of others, raging fires emerge and burn and harm one another; because it is the extreme of heat, it is called Pratāpana (Intense Heating)." Furthermore, a later passage of this treatise explains the eighth hell, saying: "Suffering is experienced without interruption (avīci); hence it is called Avīci. No pleasure intervenes in the suffering; hence it is called Avīci." As for the four continents: the southern continent, Jambudvīpa, is named either after the forest or marked by the fruit. The eastern continent, Pūrvavideha (Surpassing Body), is called "Surpassing Body" because bodily shapes are superior, or because their bodies surpass those of Jambudvīpa; in Sanskrit it is called Videha. The western continent, Aparagodānīya (Ox-Barter), is called "Ox-Barter" because they barter with oxen; in Sanskrit it is called Godānīya. Northern Uttarakuru: in the Tang language this means "superior place", because among the four continents this place is the most superior; or it is called "superior birth", because among the four continents birth there is the most superior. The rest of the text is understandable.