俱舍論記 18.76

18.76

Regarding "As explained before ... adorned with a hundred merits": this explains the fourth line of the verse. As explained before, regarding the thirty-two marks, each and every wondrous mark is adorned with a hundred merits. What is meant by "a hundred merits"? Answer: Here, a hundred volitions are called "a hundred merits." Thus the *Mahāvibhāṣā*, fascicle 177, states: "Question: As the sūtra says, each and every mark of the Buddha is adorned with a hundred merits. What is meant by 'a hundred merits'? Answer: Here, a hundred volitions are called 'a hundred merits.' What is meant by 'a hundred volitions'? It means that when a bodhisattva performs and accumulates the karma for the mark of well-planted feet, he first generates fifty volitions to refine and purify his physical receptacle, making it pure and supple; next he generates one volition to directly induce it; and afterwards he further generates fifty volitions to bring it to completion. Just as a farmer first prepares the furrows and ridges, next sows the seeds, and afterwards covers and irrigates them with manure and water, so it is in this case too. Just as the karma for the mark of well-planted feet is adorned with such a hundred volitions, so it is up to the karma for the uṣṇīṣa mark on the crown of the head. Therefore, it is said that each and every mark of the Buddha is adorned with a hundred merits. Question: What are the fifty volitions? Answer: Based on each of the ten courses of karma, there are five volitions. That is to say, based on the course of karma of refraining from killing, there are five volitions: first, the volition of refraining from killing; second, the volition of assisting and guiding; third, the volition of praising; fourth, the volition of rejoicing; fifth, the volition of dedicating. Up to right view it is also like this; these are named the fifty volitions. Some say: Based on each of the ten courses of karma, one generates five grades of wholesome volitions: lower, middling, upper, superior-upper, and supreme-upper, just like the combined cultivation of dhyānas. Some say: Based on each of the ten courses of karma, one generates five volitions: first, purity of preliminary application; second, purity of the fundamental; third, purity of the subsequent; fourth, unhindered by impediments; fifth, sustained by mindfulness. Some say: Directed toward each and every mark of the Buddha, fifty moments of unprecedented volitions arise in continuous succession." Furthermore, the *Nyāyānusāra* states: "There are also masters who say: For the karma of each mark, there are a full hundred unprecedented volitions directed toward the Buddha that manifest and serve as adornment."