俱舍論疏 14.232

14.232

論「醞食成酒至所依處故」，已下釋也。「醞餘物成」者，蒲桃等。所以經說三名。酒是放逸處，言窣羅、迷麗耶，簡檳榔等亦能令醉，不制飲也。言「末陀」者，簡醞食為酒，及醞餘成。變壞、不能醉人者亦不制。飲醞食及餘物酒末陀者，無問多少，是放逸所依處，故制令不飲也。

"Fermenting grains to make alcohol [...] because it is a basis [of heedlessness]." The passage below explains this. "Fermenting other substances to make [alcohol]" refers to grapes and the like. This is why the sūtra states three names. Alcohol is a basis of heedlessness; stating surā and maireya excludes betel nut and the like which can also intoxicate, but drinking them is not prohibited. Stating "mada" excludes fermented grains made into alcohol and fermented other substances that have spoiled and cannot intoxicate people, which are also not prohibited. Drinking mada from fermented grains and from other substances, regardless of whether much or little, is the basis of heedlessness, and therefore its drinking is prohibited.