俱舍論疏 9.28

9.28

論「諸字界中至略故無過」，釋略頞聲。《正理論》云「諸字界中義非一故。此頞縛界雖正目行，而於其中亦有食義，以食香故名健達縛。而音短者，如設建途及羯建途，略故無過。有說：中有藉香持身，以尋香行，名健達縛。」准此論文，頞縛是字界，健達是字緣。言健達頞縛是長聲，言健達縛是短聲。長短雖別，此翻為尋香，尋香是行義，然於其中亦有食義。言尋香者，以食香故。即案縛界有二義故，雖因行義亦因食義。字界中略去頞聲亦無有失，短聲呼故。如設健途及羯建途，設建、羯建皆是字緣，途是字界。字界應有兩字，短聲呼故略去一字，但言途也。

On the Śāstra's 'Among verbal roots... because it is abbreviated, there is no fault': this explains the abbreviation of the phoneme a. The Nyāyānusāra says: 'Because among verbal roots meanings are not single. Although this root av primarily denotes going, within it there is also the meaning of eating; because it feeds on fragrance, it is called a gandharva. As for its short vowel, it is like śakandhu and karkandhu; because it is abbreviated, there is no fault. Some say: the intermediate existence relies on fragrance to sustain its body, and because it moves seeking fragrance, it is called a gandharva.' According to this text of the treatise, av is the verbal root (dhātu), and gandha is the nominal affix/word. The compound gandhāva has a long vowel, whereas gandharva has a short vowel. Although long and short differ, this is translated as 'seeking fragrance'. Seeking fragrance is the meaning of going, but within it there is also the meaning of eating. Saying 'seeking fragrance' is because it feeds on fragrance. That is to say, because the root av has two senses, it is both due to the sense of going and due to the sense of eating. Omitting the sound a in the verbal root is also without fault, because it is pronounced with a short vowel. Just as in śakandhu and karkandhu, śakan and karkan are the nominal elements, and dhu is the root element. The root element should have two syllables, but because it is pronounced with a short vowel, one syllable is omitted, and it is merely called dhu.