俱舍論頌疏論本 11.25

11.25

釋曰：十六增者，八捺落迦四面門外各有四所：一、煻煨增，謂此增內煻煨沒膝，有情遊彼，纔下足時，皮肉與血俱燋爛墜，舉足還生，平復如本。二、屍糞增，謂此增內屍糞泥滿於其中，多有娘矩吒蟲，觜利如針，身白頭黑，有情遊彼，皆為此蟲鑽皮破骨，𠯗食其髓。三、鋒刃增，謂此增內復有三種：一、刀刃路，謂於此中仰布刀刃以為大道，有情遊彼，纔下足時，皮肉與血俱斷碎墜，舉足還生，平復如本；二、劍葉林，謂此林上純以銛利劍刃為葉，有情遊彼，風吹葉墜，斬刺支體，骨肉零落，有烏駮狗摣掣食之；三、鐵刺林，謂此林上有利鐵刺，長十六指，有情被逼，上下樹時，其刺銛鋒，上下鑱刺，有鐵觜鳥探啄有情眼睛心肝，爭競而食。刀刃路等三種雖殊，而鐵杖同，故一增攝。四、烈河增，謂此增內滿熱鹹水，有情遊中，或浮或沒、或逆或順，被蒸被煮，骨肉糜爛。設欲逃亡，於兩岸上有諸獄卒手執刀槍，禦捍令迴，無由得出。此河如塹，前三似園，四面各四增，故言皆十六。此是增上被刑害所，故說為增，本地獄中適被害已，重遭苦故。有說：有情從地獄出，重遭苦故說為增。

Explanation: As for the 'sixteen annexes', outside the gates on the four sides of each of the eight hells there are four places: First, the Kukūla (Hot Ashes) annex: in this annex, hot ashes reach up to the knees; when sentient beings walk there, as soon as they set their feet down, their skin, flesh, and blood are scorched, rotted, and fall away; when they raise their feet, these regenerate and return to their original state. Second, the Kunapa (Excrement and Corpse) annex: in this annex, mud of corpse-filth fills it, containing many kuṇapa worms whose beaks are sharp as needles, with white bodies and black heads; when sentient beings walk there, these worms drill through their skin, break their bones, and suck and eat their marrow. Third, the Kṣuradhāra (Razor Blades) annex: within this annex there are three kinds: 1. the Road of Blades, where upright razor blades are set out as a great road; when sentient beings walk there, as soon as they set down their feet, their skin, flesh, and blood are cut to pieces and fall away; when they raise their feet, these regenerate and return to their original state; 2. the Forest of Sword-Leaves (Asipattravana), where the trees of this forest have leaves purely made of sharp sword blades; when sentient beings walk there, the wind blows the leaves down, severing and piercing their limbs and bodies, their bones and flesh scattering, while brindled dogs tear and devour them; 3. the Forest of Iron Spikes (Ayaḥśālmalīvana), where on this forest are sharp iron spikes sixteen finger-breadths long; when sentient beings are forced to climb up and down the trees, the sharp points of the spikes gouge and pierce them up and down, and birds with iron beaks peck out their eyes, hearts, and livers, vying to eat them. Although the three kinds—the Road of Blades and so forth—are distinct, their iron weapons are alike, hence they are subsumed into a single annex. Fourth, the Vaitaraṇī (Fierce River) annex: in this annex, it is filled with boiling saline water; when sentient beings wander in it, they float or sink, go against or with the current, being steamed and boiled, their flesh and bones turned to pulp. If they wish to flee, on both banks there are hell wardens holding knives and spears who ward them off and turn them back, so that there is no way to escape. This river is like a moat, and the previous three are like parks; with four annexes on each of the four sides, it is therefore said that 'each has sixteen'. These are places where increased punishment is inflicted, hence they are called 'annexes' (utsada), because after being tormented in the fundamental hells, they undergo suffering anew. Some say: because sentient beings suffer anew after emerging from the hells, they are called 'annexes'.