俱舍論頌疏論本 14.18

14.18

釋曰：初兩句標戒數，下兩句立戒名。謂若受離五所應遠離，安立第一近事律儀。五所應離者，一者殺生、二不與取、三欲邪行、四虛誑語、五飲諸酒。若受離八所應遠離，安立第二近住律儀。八所應離者，一者殺生、二不與取、三非梵行、四虛誑語、五飲諸酒、六塗飾香鬘歌舞觀聽、七眠坐高廣嚴麗床座、八食非時食。若受離十所應遠離，安立第三勤策律儀，謂於前八，塗飾香鬘、歌舞觀聽，開為二種，復加受畜金銀等寶（解云：譏嫌重故，開一為二。妨廢修道，制畜金銀也）。若受離一切所應遠離身語業，安立第四苾芻律儀。

Explanation: The first two lines mark the numbers of precepts; the lower two lines establish the names of the precepts. That is, if one undertakes abstinence from the five things to be avoided, the first discipline of a lay follower is established. The five to be avoided are: first, taking life; second, taking what is not given; third, sexual misconduct; fourth, false speech; fifth, drinking alcoholic beverages. If one undertakes abstinence from the eight things to be avoided, the second discipline of the one-day observor is established. The eight to be avoided are: first, taking life; second, taking what is not given; third, non-celibacy; fourth, false speech; fifth, drinking alcoholic beverages; sixth, adorning oneself with perfumes and garlands, and watching or listening to singing and dancing; seventh, sleeping or sitting on high, broad, ornate beds or seats; eighth, eating at improper times. If one undertakes abstinence from the ten things to be avoided, the third discipline of the novice is established: namely, among the previous eight, adorning oneself with perfumes and garlands and watching or listening to singing and dancing are divided into two, and accepting and keeping gold, silver, and other valuables is further added (Explanation: Because public criticism is grave, one is divided into two. To prevent obstruction of cultivating the Path, the keeping of gold and silver is prohibited). If one undertakes abstinence from all bodily and vocal karma that should be avoided, the fourth discipline of the bhikṣu is established.