俱舍論頌疏論本 14.93

14.93

此下第一，明近事律儀，依經部宗，受三歸名三歸近事。後說五戒相，名五戒近事。受三歸時未發五戒，於此五戒，隨受多少皆發得戒。若薩婆多宗，受三歸竟即發五戒，要須五戒方名近事。故論云：「如契經說：『佛告大名：「諸有在家白衣男子男根成就，歸佛法僧，起慇淨心，發誠諦語，自稱我是鄔波索迦（此云近事），願尊憶持，慈悲護念，齊此名曰鄔波索迦。」』為但受三歸，即成近事（引經起問）？外國諸師說唯此即成（經部宗答，唯此三歸即成近事也）。迦濕彌羅國諸論師言，離近事律儀則非近事（有宗義也，要五戒名近事）。若爾，應與此經相違（經部難也。此《大名經》但說三歸，不言五戒也）。此不相違，已發戒故（有宗答也）。何時發戒（經部徵。已上論文）。」頌曰：

Below, the first part explains the moral discipline of a lay follower. According to the Sautrāntika school, taking the three refuges makes one a "three-refuges lay follower." Subsequently reciting the forms of the five precepts makes one a "five-precepts lay follower." When taking the three refuges, one has not yet generated the five precepts; regarding these five precepts, according to how many one undertakes, one generates and obtains those precepts. But according to the Sarvāstivāda school, as soon as one finishes taking the three refuges, one generates the five precepts; one must have all five precepts to be called a lay follower. Thus the treatise says: "As the sūtra states: 'The Buddha told Mahānāma: "Any householder, a white-robed man endowed with male faculties, who takes refuge in the Buddha, the Dharma, and the Saṅgha, arouses a sincere and pure mind, speaks words of truth and verity, and proclaims himself, 'I am an upāsaka (which means a lay follower); may the venerable one bear me in mind and protect me with loving-kindness and compassion'—to this extent is one called an upāsaka."' Does one become a lay follower merely by taking the three refuges? (The sūtra is cited to raise the question.) The foreign masters say that merely through this does one become one. (This is the Sautrāntika reply: merely through these three refuges does one become a lay follower.) The masters of Kaśmīra say that apart from the discipline of a lay follower, one is not a lay follower. (This is the Sarvāstivāda position: one must have the five precepts to be called a lay follower.) If so, would this not contradict this sūtra? (The Sautrāntika objects: this *Mahānāma Sūtra* speaks only of the three refuges and does not mention the five precepts.) It does not contradict it, because the discipline has already been generated. (The Sarvāstivāda replies.) At what time is the discipline generated? (The Sautrāntika inquires. The above is from the treatise text.)" The verse says: