俱舍論頌疏論本 16.5

16.5

惡色欲界善者，惡謂欲界諸不善業一向名黑，染污性故，異熟亦黑，不可意故。色界善業一向名白，不雜惡故，異熟亦白，是可意故。欲界善業名為黑白，惡所雜故，異熟亦黑白，非愛果雜故。善性是白而非是黑，黑來陵雜，立黑白名，故黑白名約前後間雜，不據自性也。故論云：「此黑白名依相續立，非據自性。所以者何？以無一業及一異熟，是黑是白互相違故（已上論文）。」問：「欲界惡業果，善業果雜故，應名白黑。」答：「不善業果非必應為善業果雜，如闡提身即無善業，於地獄中無可意果。欲善業果必為惡雜，以欲界中惡勝善故，謂欲邪見能斷善根，欲界善業不能斷惡，故欲界惡強於善也。」

[Regarding] 'evil, form, and desire-realm wholesome': 'Evil' means that all unwholesome karma of the desire realm is exclusively called black because it is defiled by nature, and its maturation is also black because it is disagreeable. The wholesome karma of the form realm is exclusively called white because it is not mixed with evil, and its maturation is also white because it is agreeable. The wholesome karma of the desire realm is called black and white because it is intermixed with evil, and its maturation is also black and white because it is intermixed with undesirable fruits. Wholesome nature is white and not black, yet because black comes and intermingles with it, it is given the name 'black and white'; hence the name 'black and white' is established with respect to their alternating admixture before and after, not based on its intrinsic nature. Therefore the treatise states: 'This name "black and white" is established based on the continuum, not based on intrinsic nature. Why is that? Because no single karma and no single maturation is both black and white, mutually contradictory' (thus far the text of the treatise). Question: 'Since the fruit of evil karma in the desire realm is intermixed with the fruit of wholesome karma, it should be called white and black.' Answer: 'The fruit of unwholesome karma is not necessarily intermixed with the fruit of wholesome karma; for instance, in the person of an icchantika there is no wholesome karma, and in the hells there is no agreeable fruit. The fruit of wholesome karma in the desire realm is necessarily intermixed with evil, because in the desire realm evil surpasses good: that is, wrong view of the desire realm can sever wholesome roots, whereas wholesome karma of the desire realm cannot sever evil; hence evil in the desire realm is stronger than good.'