俱舍論頌疏論本 5.38

5.38

釋曰：上句答問，下句答難。此者，此前四本相也。生生等者，四小相也。謂前四相有生生等四種隨相，故成有為。論云：「諸行有為由四本相，本相有為由四隨相。」解云：諸行成有為，由四本相相。本相成有為，由四隨相相。生生等者，等取住住、異異、滅滅。此有三名：一名生生等，上生字是小生，下生字是大生，從小生生大生故，名生生；小相中住，住本相住，名為住住；小相中異，異本相異，名為異異；小相中滅，滅本相滅，名為滅滅，如生生釋之。二名隨相，隨本相故。三名小相，相一法故。本相亦有三名：一名本相，相本法故；二名大相，相八法故；三名生等，生八法故。不同小生唯生於生，故但名生，住等亦爾。

Explanation: the first line answers the inquiry, and the second line answers the objection. "These" refers to these preceding four primary characteristics. "Arising-arising and the rest" refers to the four minor characteristics. That is, the preceding four characteristics have the four kinds of secondary characteristics, namely arising-arising and the rest, and are therefore established as conditioned. The Śāstra states: "Conditioned factors are conditioned by virtue of the four primary characteristics; the primary characteristics are conditioned by virtue of the four secondary characteristics." Explanation: conditioned factors become conditioned because they are characterized by the four primary characteristics. The primary characteristics become conditioned because they are characterized by the four secondary characteristics. "Arising-arising and the rest" includes staying-staying, change-change, and destruction-destruction. These have three names: first, they are called "arising-arising and the rest." The upper character "arising" is the minor arising, and the lower character "arising" is the primary arising; because it arises from the minor arising, the primary arising is called "arising-arising." Staying among the minor characteristics causes the staying of the primary characteristic of staying, so it is called "staying-staying." Change among the minor characteristics changes the primary characteristic of change, so it is called "change-change." Destruction among the minor characteristics destroys the primary characteristic of destruction, so it is called "destruction-destruction"; this is explained just like arising-arising. Second, they are called "secondary characteristics," because they follow the primary characteristics. Third, they are called "minor characteristics," because they characterize only one dharma. The primary characteristics also have three names: first, they are called "primary characteristics," because they characterize the primary dharma. Second, they are called "major characteristics," because they characterize eight dharmas. Third, they are called "arising and the rest," because they give rise to eight dharmas. Unlike the minor arising which only gives rise to arising, it is simply called "arising"; the same applies to staying and the rest.