俱舍論頌疏論本 16.53

16.53

The commentary says: The three stages of the ten wholesome courses of action—preparatory, root, and subsequent—because they are wholesome, are all born from the three wholesome roots, such as non-greed, because the three such as non-greed are necessarily associated [with them]; therefore, they all possess all three. 'The three wholesome stages' means that abstaining from the unwholesome preparatory, root, and subsequent stages is called the wholesome preparatory, root, and subsequent stages. Take, for example, when a novice (śrāmaṇera) receives full ordination: coming into the ordination hall, up to the single motion and two proclamations (jñaptidvitīyā karmavācanā) and so forth, are all called the preparatory stage of the wholesome course of action. When the third proclamation ends, the vijñapti and avijñapti karma in that single moment is called the root course of action. From this time onward, up to the declaration of the four resources (niśraya), and other vijñapti and avijñapti karma that roll on consecutively based on the earlier [ordination], are all called the subsequent stage. (The four resources are: always begging for food, sitting under trees, wearing rag-robes, and using fermented/discarded medicine. 'Other based on the earlier' refers to the body before death).