瑜伽論記 1.601

1.601

第四四相中，大乘生滅既即法辨更無別體，小乘說有，百論難言：有滅滅法令無入過去，滅法現在說名有，有生生法令有入現在，生法未來應說無。此難四相體俱成有。文云：謂於一切處乃至俱行建立者，總標四相依種子立。一切處者，三界九地。識相續者，謂第八識。一切種子相續者，剎那相續無間斷故。俱行者，種與本識恒俱行故，依此種子建立四相，不依現行，由三義故，一、種相續故，二、諸法因故，三、不離識故。若說種子即說諸識。又解：於本識中一切種子相續俱行法上建立四相，即是依一切有為法建立四相，一切有為漏無漏若起必與種俱行故，則是通說依現及種說四相義，於生之後則說異者為欲顯示生則變不得久住令生厭離故。二、異性中，初是同類法前後異，後是異類法前後異。

In the fourth [section], "The Four Characteristics," in the Mahāyāna arising and cessation are distinguished directly upon phenomena, having no separate substance; the Hīnayāna states that they exist; the Śatakaśāstra refutes this, saying: if there is cessation that causes phenomena to cease, making them non-existent and enter the past, the phenomenon of cessation in the present should be called existent; if there is arising that causes phenomena to arise, making them existent and enter the present, the phenomenon of arising in the future should be called non-existent. This refutation proves that the essences of the four characteristics all become existent. The text says: "established with respect to all stations up to co-functioning": this generally indicates that the four characteristics are established based on seeds. "All stations" refers to the three realms and nine stages. "Continuity of consciousness" refers to the eighth consciousness. "Continuity of all seeds": because moment by moment they continue without interruption. "Co-functioning": because seeds and the basic consciousness always function together. Based on these seeds the four characteristics are established, not based on actual manifestations, due to three reasons: first, because seeds are continuous; second, because they are the causes of all phenomena; third, because they are not separate from consciousness. If one speaks of seeds, one speaks of the various consciousnesses. Another explanation: establishing the four characteristics upon the phenomena that co-function continuously with all seeds in the basic consciousness means establishing the four characteristics based on all conditioned phenomena; because whenever all conditioned defiled and taintless phenomena arise they must co-function with seeds, this is a comprehensive explanation of the meaning of the four characteristics based on both actual manifestations and seeds. Stating difference after arising is to show that arising immediately alters and cannot abide for long, in order to generate revulsion. In the two types of difference: the first is difference between prior and posterior of the same category of phenomena; the second is difference between prior and posterior of different categories of phenomena.