瑜伽論記 18.504

18.504

答云：若依前解方便，隨根戒故名隨，但是隨其必小，自有小而非隨，故立隨小也，非小必根本重罪；若是隨必是小故，無隨非小；若依後解制罪隨教故名隨，非小故名小，大罪中無有制戒，故無隨非小，無犯四者如戒本說，無犯者最初未制戒，癡狂心亂痛惱所纏是也，由五相出罪中。

The answer is: If based on the former explanation, expedient means follow the root precepts and are therefore called "associated"; but anything that follows them must be minor, while there are some minor offenses that are not associated; thus "minor-associated" is established. Non-minor offenses must be root grave offenses; if an offense is associated, it must be minor; therefore there are no non-minor-associated offenses. If based on the latter explanation, promulgated offenses follow the teaching and are therefore called "associated"; because they are not minor, they are called minor; among grave offenses there are no promulgated precepts, so there are no non-minor-associated offenses. Regarding the four cases of non-offense, they are as stated in the Prātimokṣa: non-offenders are those before the precepts were initially promulgated, those insane, mentally disordered, or overwhelmed by painful afflictions. Within rehabilitation from offenses through five aspects: