瑜伽論記 21.394

21.394

第三、辨名等義，名有三義，一、令他共所了知故名為名，二、能令意依名取相，三、出語言呼召稱名。言攝受諸名，究竟顯了不現見義故名為句者，攝名成句能顯不現見義是其句義，隨顯名句故名為文者，文是章字，能顯成名句作用，是故名文，或名為字不可改轉故。

Third, discerning the meanings of name and so forth. A name has three meanings: first, because it is commonly understood by others, it is called a name (nāma); second, it is able to cause the mind to grasp marks in reliance on the name; third, it produces verbal sounds to invoke and call the name. Regarding "gathering names to conclusively clarify meanings that are not directly seen, hence called a sentence": gathering names to form a sentence that is able to clarify meanings not directly seen is the meaning of a sentence (pada). Regarding "concomitantly clarifying names and sentences, hence called a letter": letters (vyañjana) are phonemes and characters, which are able to clarify and accomplish the function of names and sentences, and are therefore called letters; alternatively, they are called phonemes (akṣara) because they cannot be altered.