瑜伽論記 21.407

21.407

自下總相分別，如是六文，總有四相，說名為文者，雖列六門，不過四相也。一、所說相，謂名身等，行相為後者，以語說名等，故名等四種是所說，謂名句文正是文體，行相是由名句文當彼說者見分心起，生於見分故名行相，亦是文體所攝；二、所為相，謂機請等攝，二十七種補特伽羅者，則是教所被機，由機故說，今說教之因緣亦為文也；三、能說相，謂語者，以依聲屈曲表彰詮召諸法假立名等故語是所依；四、說者相謂聲聞菩薩及如來者，論夫說法者亦通諸天及以化人，今略故說三人也。

From here below is the general analysis: regarding "such six texts altogether have four characteristics, which are called texts", although six gates are listed, they do not exceed four characteristics. First, the characteristic of what is expounded: namely, the groups of names and so forth, placing cognitive modes at the end. Because speech expresses names and so forth, names and the other four are what is expounded; names, sentences, and phonemes are properly the essence of the texts, while cognitive modes arise as the mental vision-part of the speaker corresponding to names, sentences, and phonemes, and being generated in the vision-part they are called cognitive modes, which are also subsumed under the essence of the text. Second, the characteristic of for whose sake: namely, the twenty-seven kinds of individuals (pudgala) subsumed under capacities, requests, and so forth; these are the capacities addressed by the teaching, and because of the capacities the teaching is expounded, so now the causes and conditions of expounding the teaching are also considered texts. Third, the characteristic of that which is able to expound: namely, speech. Because, in reliance on the modulations of sound, it manifests, expresses, and designates all dharmas, provisionally establishing names and so forth, speech is the support. Fourth, the characteristic of the expounder: namely, śrāvakas, bodhisattvas, and Tathāgatas. In the treatise, expounders of the Dharma also include devas and created persons (nirmāṇa-puruṣa); here, for brevity, only three persons are mentioned.