瑜伽論記 5.374

5.374

此後顯示受持戒相者，下二十一頌戒學清淨相。唱令家者：謂屠羊等者，西國之法，有造惡者令彼守將預罪人巡歷唱告此人造作如此等罪，謂屠羊等倡穢家者，婬女家等旃荼羅及羯恥那家者，謂旃荼羅即根本執惡，依執惡家更作極惡名羯恥那如屠兒名執惡，執惡執刀杖等名羯恥那，此即典獄之類。又解：羯恥那家此名堅勤家。

Regarding the subsequent demonstration of the marks of undertaking and upholding the precepts: The twenty-one verses below are the marks of purity in the training in morality. Regarding 'the households of town criers, that is, sheep-butchers and the like': According to the law of the Western countries, when someone commits an evil deed, the guards order that criminal to be led through the streets and made to announce, 'This person has committed such-and-such crimes!' That is, sheep-butchers and the like. Regarding 'households of harlots': brothels and the like. Regarding 'households of caṇḍālas and kaṭhinas': A caṇḍāla is a primary executor of evil; one who, based upon a household of executors of evil, further commits extreme evil is called a kaṭhina. Just as a butcher is called an executor of evil, one who executes evil by holding knives, staves, and the like is called a kaṭhina; these are of the class of jailers. Another explanation: A kaṭhina household is here called a household of persistent cruelty.