瑜伽論記 24.45

24.45

In the first: 1. "attaining the focal object" refers to the four noble truths. 2. "Attaining the means" refers to the knowledge of twelve aspects properly turning with three turnings with respect to the four truths. Regarding "the very first turning... up to is called knowledge (jñāna), awakening (bodhi)," the past is called knowledge, the future is called illumination (vidyā), and the present is called awakening; hence it says that in sequence this is the turning that demonstrates the characteristics. "The second turning"—this is the turning that exhorts, situated in the path of cultivation. "The third turning"—this refers to the stage of non-learning, having already attained the knowledge of exhaustion. This is also systematic and differs from the Hīnayāna treatises, where each single truth undergoes three turnings—namely, first in the path of seeing with respect to the truth of suffering, up to completing the three turnings regarding suffering at the stage of non-learning, returning then to the path of seeing to perform three more turnings regarding the truth of origin, and so on up to the truth of the path. Venerable Dharmatrāta said: "I cannot now endure such phrasing. Although it is the holy teaching, the phrasing is inverted; having seen the truth of suffering one should not produce the faculty of having known, only to produce again when seeing the truth of origin the faculty of knowing what is not yet known, etc. Here one should universally observe the four truths in each single faculty."