瑜伽師地論略纂 3.99

3.99

妄計清淨中，文亦有四。初敘有三：一、五現法涅槃；二、別敘水等清淨；三、持餘戒等清淨。初一受天欲塵，後四現法樂住，名五涅槃。引定在身，離欲惡法，得定怡樂，故名現法涅槃。人等欲劣，故不建立。　前來所說四有邊論、四不死矯亂論、二無因論及此五現法涅槃論，如是十五並邪見攝。前說邊見合四十七，并此總成六十二，邪見、邊見攝。我見為本，見、戒二取為助伴生，故《對法》云：六十二見於五見中，或二或一切。　「持油墨戒」者，油和其墨，塗身為戒。　「持灰戒」者，灰塗身故。　「彼謂得諸縱任自在」，此是總也。何者諸自在？一、「欲自在」，即前心自在，即天妙欲境隨意用故。　「觀行自在」者，即前觀自在，謂四靜慮自在。合名五現法涅槃。　「又如有一，自苦身故，自惡解脫」者，即前第二、入諸河中，沐浴清淨。　「或造過惡，過惡解脫」者，前第三、持狗戒等，食糞飲尿，行諸惡事，罪惡消滅。隨狗牛等所行諸事，皆隨學之，名持彼戒。

Under "falsely postulating purity," the text also has four parts. First, the presentation has three [aspects]: 1. the five [theories of] nirvāṇa in the present life; 2. the separate presentation of purity through water and the like; 3. purity through observing other rules of conduct and the like. The first one takes pleasure in heavenly sense desires, and the latter four are pleasant abidings in the present life; these are called the five nirvāṇas. Inducing meditative absorption into the body, departing from desires and unwholesome states, and obtaining the joyous pleasure of absorption—hence they are called nirvāṇa in the present life. Because human desire and the like are inferior, they are not established [here]. The previously discussed four assertions of finiteness, four assertions of immortal equivocation, two assertions of uncaused origination, and these five assertions of nirvāṇa in the present life—these fifteen are all subsumed under wrong view. Previously, forty-seven were subsumed under extreme view; together with these, there are sixty-two in total, subsumed under wrong view and extreme view. View of self is the basis, and adherence to views and adherence to rules and observances arise as its companions. Therefore the *Abhidharmasamuccaya* states: "Among the five views, the sixty-two views are either two or all [five]." "Observing the rule of oil and ink" means mixing oil with ink and smearing it on the body as a rule of conduct. "Observing the rule of ash" means smearing the body with ash. "They say they attain complete freedom of indulgence": this is the summary. What are the complete freedoms? 1. "Freedom of desire," which is the previously mentioned mastery of mind, referring to enjoying the marvelous sense objects of the heavens as one pleases. "Freedom of contemplative practice" is the previously mentioned mastery of contemplation, referring to mastery in the four dhyānas. Together they are called the five [theories of] nirvāṇa in the present life. "Furthermore, there are some who, because they mortify their bodies, are liberated from their own evils": this refers to the second [type] mentioned above, bathing in various rivers for purity. "Or they commit misdeeds and are liberated from misdeeds": this refers to the third [type] mentioned above, observing the dog rule and the like, eating feces, drinking urine, and performing various evil deeds, [believing that] sins and evils are thereby extinguished. Following whatever actions are performed by dogs, oxen, and the like, imitating them all—this is called observing those rules.